Events

• 43 BC – The Second Triumvirate alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ("Octavian", later "Caesar Augustus"), Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, and Mark Antony is formed.

• 783 – The Asturian queen Adosinda is put up in a monastery to prevent her kin from retaking the throne from Mauregatus.

• 1476 – Vlad III Dracula defeats Basarab Laiota with the help of Stephen the Great and Stephen V Bathory and becomes the ruler of Wallachia for the third time.

• 1778 – In the Hawaiian Islands, Captain James Cook becomes the first European to visit Maui.

• 1784 – The Catholic Apostolic Prefecture of the United States established.

• 1789 – A national Thanksgiving Day is observed in the United States as recommended by President George Washington and approved by Congress.

• 1805 – Official opening of Thomas Telford's Pontcysyllte Aqueduct.

• 1825 – At Union College in Schenectady, New York a group of college students form Kappa Alpha Society, the first college social fraternity.

• 1842 – The University of Notre Dame is founded.

• 1863 – American Civil War: Mine Run – Union forces under General George Meade position against troops led by Confederate General Robert E. Lee.

• 1865 – Battle of Papudo: The Spanish navy engages a combined Peruvian-Chilean fleet north of Valparaiso, Chile.

• 1909 – Sigma Alpha Mu is founded in the City College of New York by 8 Jewish young men.

• 1913 – Phi Sigma Sigma is founded at Hunter College in New York City.

• 1917 – The National Hockey League is formed, with the Montreal Canadiens, Montreal Wanderers, Ottawa Senators, Quebec Bulldogs, and Toronto Arenas as its first teams.

• 1918 – The Podgorica Assembly votes for "union of the people", declaring assimilation into the Kingdom of Serbia.

• 1922 – Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon become the first people to enter the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun in over 3000 years.

• 1922 – Toll of the Sea debuts as the first general release film to use two-tone Technicolor (The Gulf Between was the first film to do so but it was not widely distributed).

• 1939 – Shelling of Mainila: The Soviet Army orchestrates the incident which is used to justify the start of the Winter War with Finland four days later.

• 1941 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs a bill establishing the fourth Thursday in November as Thanksgiving Day in the United States.

• 1942 – World War II: Yugoslav Partisans convene the first meeting of the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia at Bihać in northwestern Bosnia.

• 1944 – World War II: A German V-2 rocket hits a Woolworth's store on New Cross High Street, United Kingdom, killing 168 shoppers.

• 1944 – World War II: Germany begins V-1 and V-2 attacks on Antwerp, Belgium.

• 1949 – The Indian Constituent Assembly adopts India's constitution presented by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.

• 1950 – Korean War: Troops from the People's Republic of China launch a massive counterattack in North Korea against South Korean and United Nations forces (Battle of Ch'ongch'on River), ending any hopes of a quick end to the conflict.

• 1965 – In the Hammaguir launch facility in the Sahara Desert, France launches a Diamant-A rocket with its first satellite, Asterix-1 on board, becoming the third country to enter outer space.

• 1968 – Vietnam War: United States Air Force helicopter pilot James P. Fleming rescues an Army Special Forces unit pinned down by Viet Cong fire and is later awarded the Medal of Honor.

• 1970 – In Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe, 1.5 inches (38.1 mm) of rain fall in a minute, the heaviest rainfall ever recorded.

• 1977 – 'Vrillon', claiming to be the representative of the 'Ashtar Galactic Command', takes over Britain's Southern Television for six minutes at 5:12 PM.

• 1983 – Brinks Mat robbery: In London, 6,800 gold bars worth nearly £26 million are stolen from the Brinks Mat vault at Heathrow Airport.

• 1986 – Iran-Contra scandal: U.S. President Ronald Reagan announces the members of what will become known as the Tower Commission.

• 1990 – The Delta II rocket makes its maiden flight.

• 1998 – Tony Blair becomes the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom to address the Republic of Ireland's parliament.

• 2003 – Concorde makes its final flight, over Bristol, England.

• 2004 – Ruzhou School massacre: a man stabs and kills eight people and seriously wounds another four in a school dormitory in Ruzhou, China.

• 2008 – Terrorist attacks in Mumbai, India: Ten coordinated attacks by Pakistan-based terrorists kill 164 and injure more than 250 people in Mumbai, India.

Births

• 1288 – Emperor Go-Daigo of Japan (d. 1339)

• 1436 – Princess Catherine of Portugal, writer (d. 1463)

• 1607 – John Harvard, English-born clergyman (d. 1638)

• 1609 – Henry Dunster, English president of Harvard College (d. 1659)

• 1657 – William Derham, English minister and writer (d. 1735)

• 1678 – Jean Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan, French geophysicist (d. 1771)

• 1703 – Theophilus Cibber, English actor and writer (d. 1758)

• 1731 – William Cowper, English poet (d. 1800)

• 1792 – Sarah Grimké, American abolitionist and feminist (d. 1873)

• 1827 – Ellen G. White, American religious leader (d. 1915)

• 1828 – René Goblet, French politician (d. 1905)

• 1832 – Mary Edwards Walker, American feminist physician (d. 1919)

• 1832 – Karl Rudolf König, German physicist (d. 1901)

• 1847 – Maria Fyodorovna, Princess of Denmark and Empress of Russia (d. 1928)

• 1853 – Bat Masterson, American Old West figure (d. 1921)

• 1857 – Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist (d. 1913)

• 1858 – Katharine Drexel, Roman Catholic Saint (d. 1955)

• 1864 – Edward Higgins, 3rd General of The Salvation Army (d. 1947)

• 1869 – Maud, Queen of Norway (d. 1938)

• 1876 – Willis Carrier, American engineer and inventor (d. 1950)

• 1878 – Marshall Taylor, American cyclist (d. 1932)

• 1879 – Belle da Costa Greene, American librarian (d. 1950)

• 1885 – Heinrich Brüning, German politician (d. 1970)

• 1889 – Albert Dieudonné, French actor and novelist (d. 1976)

• 1894 – Norbert Wiener, American mathematician (d. 1964)

• 1894 – James Charles McGuigan, Catholic cardinal archbishop of Toronto (d. 1974)

• 1895 – Bill Wilson, American co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous (d. 1971)

• 1898 – Karl Ziegler, German chemist, Nobel Prize laurete (d. 1973)

• 1899 – Bruno Hauptmann, German kidnapper of Charles Augustus Lindbergh III (d. 1936)

• 1904 – Armand Frappier, French-Canadian physician and microbiologist (d. 1991)

• 1905 – Bob Johnson, American baseball player (d. 1982)

• 1907 – Ruth Patrick, American botanist

• 1908 – Charles Forte, Scottish hotelier (d. 2007)

• 1908 – Lefty Gomez, American baseball player (d. 1989)

• 1909 – Frances Dee, American actress (d. 2004)

• 1909 – Eugène Ionesco, Romanian-born french playwright (d. 1994)

• 1910 – Cyril Cusack, Irish actor (d. 1993)

• 1912 – Eric Sevareid, American journalist (d. 1992)

• 1915 – Earl Wild, American pianist

• 1918 – Patricio Aylwin, former President of Chile

• 1919 – Frederik Pohl, American science fiction writer

• 1920 – Daniel Petrie, Canadian-born television and movie director (d. 2004)

• 1922 – Charles M. Schulz, American cartoonist (d. 2000)

• 1923 – Pat Phoenix, English actress (d. 1986)

• 1924 – George Segal, American Pop Sculptor (d. 2000)

• 1925 – Eugene Istomin, American pianist (d. 2003)

• 1927 – Ernie Coombs, American children's entertainer (d. 2001)

• 1930 – Berthold Leibinger, German Entrepreneur and Philanthropist

• 1931 – Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Argentine activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize

• 1931 – Adrianus Johannes Simonis, Cardinal Archbishop of Utrecht

• 1933 – Robert Goulet, American singer and actor (d. 2007)

• 1937 – Boris Yegorov, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1994)

• 1938 – Porter J. Goss, American Central Intelligence Agency director

• 1938 – Rodney Jory, Australian physicist

• 1938 – Rich Little, Canadian comedian and actor

• 1939 – Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Malaysian politician

• 1939 – Tina Turner, American singer and actress

• 1939 – Wayland Flowers, American Puppeteer (d. 1988)

• 1940 – Enrico Bombieri, Italian mathematician

• 1941 – Susanne Marsee, American mezzo-soprano

• 1942 – Olivia Cole, American actress

• 1942 – Michael Devlin, American bass-baritone

• 1943 – Bruce Paltrow, American producer and director (d. 2002)

• 1943 – Marilynne Robinson, American writer

• 1944 – Jean Terrell, American singer (The Supremes)

• 1945 – Daniel Davis, American actor

• 1945 – John McVie, British musician (Fleetwood Mac)

• 1945 – Björn von Sydow, Swedish politician

• 1946 – Art Shell, American football player and coach

• 1947 – Susanne Zenor, American actress

• 1947 – Roger Wehrli, American football player

• 1948 – Krešimir Ćosić, Croatian basketball player (d. 1995)

• 1948 – Claes Elfsberg, Swedish television presenter

• 1948 – Marianne Muellerleile, American actress

• 1949 – Shlomo Artzi, Israeli singer

• 1949 – Juanin Clay, American actress (d. 1995)

• 1949 – Martin Lee, British singer and member of pop group Brotherhood of Man

• 1949 – Vincent A. Mahler, American educator

• 1951 – Cicciolina, Italian porno actress and politician

• 1953 – Hilary Benn, British politician

• 1953 – Harry Carson, American football player

• 1954 – Roz Chast, American cartoonist

• 1954 – Velupillai Prabhakaran, Leader of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, Ceylon.

• 1956 – Dale Jarrett, American race car driver

• 1956 – Don Lake, Canadian television writer

• 1956 – Keith Vaz, UK Member of Parliament

• 1960 – Chuck Eddy, American music journalist

• 1960 – Harold Reynolds, American baseball player

• 1961 – Lisa Moretti, American professional wrestler

• 1962 – Chuck Finley, American baseball pitcher

• 1963 – Adam Gaynor, American musician (Matchbox Twenty)

• 1963 – Mario Elie, American basketball player

• 1964 – Vreni Schneider, Swiss skier

• 1966 – Garcelle Beauvais, Haitian actress and model

• 1967 – Ridley Jacobs, West Indian cricketer

• 1968 – Edna Campbell, American basketball player

• 1969 – Shawn Kemp, American basketball player

• 1969 – Kara Walker, American artist

• 1970 – Dave Hughes, Australian comedian

• 1970 – John Amaechi, American basketball player

• 1971 – Ronald "Winky" Wright, American boxer

• 1972 – Arjun Rampal, Indian actor

• 1972 – Chris Osgood, Canadian hockey player (Detroit Red Wings)

• 1973 – Peter Facinelli, American actor

• 1974 – Tammy Lynn Michaels, American actress

• 1975 – Patrice Lauzon, French Canadian figure skater

• 1975 – DJ Khaled, Palestinian-American hip-hop/rap artist, DJ and producer

• 1976 – Maven Huffman, American professional wrestler

• 1976 – Brian Schneider, American baseball player

• 1976 – Andreas Augustsson, Swedish footballer

• 1977 – Ivan Basso, Italian bicyclist

• 1977 – Forrest Griffin, American MMA-fighter

• 1977 – John Parrish, American baseball player

• 1977 – Paris Lenon, American football player

• 1978 – Matthew Taylor, American bassist (Motion City Soundtrack)

• 1979 – B.J. Averell, American reality television contestant

• 1980 – Satoshi Ohno, Japanese singer and actor

• 1980 – Jason Anthony Griffith, American video game voice actor

• 1981 – Stephan Andersen, Danish footballer

• 1981 – Natasha Bedingfield, British singer

• 1981 – OJ Da Juiceman, American Rapper

• 1981 – Gina Kingsbury, Canadian hockey player

• 1981 – Natalie Gauci, Australian singer

• 1983 – Chris Hughes, American businessman, co-founder of Facebook

• 1984 – Antonio Puerta, Spanish footballer (d. 2007)

• 1986 – Trevor Morgan, American actor

• 1986 – Konstadinos Filippidis, Greek pole vaulter

• 1988 – Yumi Kobayashi, Japanese fashion model

• 1990 – Danny Welbeck, English footballer

• 1990 – Chipmunk, British rapper

• 1992 – Louis Ducruet, son of Princess Stéphanie of Monaco

• 1993 – Erena Ono, Japanese actress and member of AKB48

Deaths

• 399 – Pope Siricius

• 666 – Yeon Gaesomun dictator of Goguryeo (other sources indicate death date as 664 or 665)

• 1252 – Blanche of Castile, Queen of Louis VIII of France (b. 1188)

• 1326 – Hugh the younger Despenser, English knight (b. 1286)

• 1504 – Queen Isabella I of Castile (b. 1451)

• 1621 – Radulph Agas, English surveyor (b. c. 1540)

• 1639 – John Spottiswoode, Scottish historian (b. 1565)

• 1651 – Henry Ireton, English Civil War general (b. 1611)

• 1688 – Philippe Quinault, French writer (b. 1635)

• 1689 – Marquard Gude, German archaeologist (b. 1635)

• 1717 – Daniel Purcell, British composer (b. 1664)

• 1719 – John Hudson, British classical scholar (b. 1662)

• 1780 – James Denham Steuart, 4th Baronet, British economist (b. 1712)

• 1836 – John MacAdam, British road builder (b. 1756)

• 1851 – Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, French marshal (b. 1769)

• 1855 – Adam Mickiewicz, Polish poet (b. 1798)

• 1857 – Joseph von Eichendorff, German poet (b. 1788)

• 1876 – Karl Ernst von Baer, German biologist (b. 1792)

• 1883 – Sojourner Truth, American abolitionist (b. 1797)

• 1885 – Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist (b. 1813)

• 1892 – Charles Lavigerie, French Catholic cardinal (b. 1825)

• 1896 – Coventry Patmore, British poet (b. 1823)

• 1919 – Felipe Ángeles, Mexican Revolution general (b. 1868)

• 1928 – Reinhard Scheer, German naval officer (b. 1863)

• 1934 – Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Ukrainian historian and statesman (b. 1866)

• 1938 – Flora Call Disney, mother of Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney (b. 1868)

• 1941 – Niels Hansen Jacobsen, Danish sculptor and ceramist (b. 1861)

• 1941 – Ernest Lapointe, French-Canadian politician (b. 1876)

• 1943 – Edward O'Hare, American ace pilot (b. 1914)

• 1952 – Sven Hedin, Swedish explorer (b. 1865)

• 1954 – Bill Doak, former Major League Baseball pitcher (b. 1891)

• 1956 – Tommy Dorsey, American bandleader (b. 1905)

• 1959 – Albert Ketèlbey, British composer (b. 1875)

• 1962 – Albert Sarraut, French politician (b. 1872)

• 1963 – Amelita Galli-Curci, Italian soprano (b. 1882)

• 1971 – Giacomo Alberione, Italian priest and publisher (b. 1884)

• 1974 – Cyril Connolly, English intellectual (b. 1903)

• 1981 – Max Euwe, Dutch chess player (b. 1901)

• 1985 – Vivien Thomas, African American surgeon (b. 1910)

• 1987 – Thomas G. Lanphier, American aviator (b. 1915)

• 1991 – Ed Heinemann, American aircraft designer (Douglas Aircraft (b. 1908)

• 1991 – Bob Johnson, American hockey coach (b. 1931)

• 1994 – David Bache, British car designer (b. 1925)

• 1994 – Joey Stefano, American actor (b. 1968)

• 1996 – Paul Rand, American graphic designer (b. 1914)

• 1996 – Michael Bentine, British comedian (b. 1922)

• 1998 – Jonathan Kwitny, American reporter (b. 1941)

• 2001 – Nils-Aslak Valkeapää, Finnish writer (b. 1943)

• 2002 – Verne Winchell, American doughnut entrepreneur (b. 1915)

• 2002 – Polo Montañez, Cuban singer and songwriter (b. 1955)

• 2003 – Stefan Wul, French writer (b. 1922)

• 2003 – Soulja Slim, American rapper (b. 1978)

• 2004 – Philippe de Broca, French film director (b. 1933)

• 2005 – Stan Berenstain, children's author (b. 1923)

• 2005 – Mark Craney, American musician (b. 1952)

• 2006 – Mário Cesariny, Portuguese painter and writer (b. 1923)

• 2006 – Raúl Velasco, Mexican television host (b. 1933)

• 2006 – Dave Cockrum, American comic book artist (b. 1943)

• 2006 – Casey Coleman, American television personality (b. 1951)

• 2006 – Stephen Heywood, American builder (b. 1969)

• 2006 – Isaac Gálvez, Spanish procyclist (b. 1975)

• 2007 – Silvestre Herrera, Mexican-born American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient. (b. 1917)

• 2007 – Mel Tolkin, television comedy writer (b. 1913)

• 2008 – Edna Parker, American supercentenarian (b. 1893)

• 2008 – De'Angelo Wilson, American actor (b. 1979)

Holidays and observances

• R.C. saints – Pope Siricius; Sylvester Gozzolini; John Berchmans; celebration of the excellence of Saint Genevieve in Paris.

• Eastern Orthodoxy: Saint Stylianos

• Bahá'í Faith: Day of the Covenant