Events

• 476 – Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself King of Italy, thus ending Western Roman Empire.

• 626 – Li Shimin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizong of Tang, assumes the throne over the Tang Dynasty of China.

• 1260 – The Senese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of King Manfred of Sicily, defeat the Florentine Guelphs at Montaperti.

• 1666 – In London, England, the most destructive damage from the Great Fire occurs.

• 1781 – Los Angeles, California, is founded as El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora La Reina de los Ángeles de Porciúncula (The Village of Our Lady, the Queen of the Angels of Porziuncola) by 44 Spanish settlers.

• 1811 – Chilean independence movement executes a coup d'état against the Spanish controlled Junta of the country.

• 1812 – War of 1812: The Battle of Fort Harrison begins when the fort is set on fire.

• 1862 – Civil War Maryland Campaign: General Robert E. Lee takes the Army of Northern Virginia, and the war, into the North.

• 1870 – Emperor Napoleon III of France is deposed and the Third Republic is declared.

• 1884 – The United Kingdom ends its policy of penal transportation to New South Wales in Australia.

• 1886 – Indian Wars: after almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.

• 1888 – George Eastman registers the trademark Kodak and receives a patent for his camera that uses roll film.

• 1894 – In New York City, 12,000 tailors strike against sweatshop working conditions.

• 1919 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who founded the Republic of Turkey, gathers a congress in Sivas to make decisions as to the future of Anatolia and Thrace.

• 1923 – Maiden flight of the first U.S. airship, the .

• 1939 – World War II: Japan declares neutrality in the European war.

• 1941 – World War II: a German submarine makes the first attack against a United States ship, the .

• 1944 – World War II: the British 11th Armoured Division liberates the Belgian city of Antwerp.

• 1948 – Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands abdicates for health reasons.

• 1949 – Maiden flight of the Bristol Brabazon.

• 1949 – The Peekskill Riots erupt after a Paul Robeson concert in Peekskill, New York.

• 1950 – First appearance of the "Beetle Bailey" comic strip.

• 1950 – Darlington Raceway is the site of the inaugural Southern 500, the first 500-mile NASCAR race.

• 1951 – The first live transcontinental television broadcast takes place in San Francisco, California, from the Japanese Peace Treaty Conference.

• 1956 – The IBM RAMAC 305 is introduced, the first commercial computer to use magnetic disk storage.

• 1957 – American Civil Rights Movement: Little Rock Crisis – Orval Faubus, governor of Arkansas, calls out the National Guard to prevent African American students from enrolling in Central High School.

• 1957 – The Ford Motor Company introduces the Edsel.

• 1963 – Swissair Flight 306 crashes near Dürrenäsch, Switzerland, killing all 80 people on board.

• 1964 – Scotland's Forth Road Bridge near Edinburgh officially opens.

• 1967 – Vietnam War: Operation Swift begins: U.S. Marines engage the North Vietnamese in battle in the Que Son Valley.

• 1971 – A Boeing 727 carrying Alaska Airlines Flight 1866 crashes near Juneau, Alaska, killing all 111 people on board.

• 1972 – Mark Spitz becomes the first competitor to win seven medals at a single Olympic Games.

• 1975 – The Sinai Interim Agreement relating to the Arab-Israeli conflict is signed.

• 1984 – Brian Mulroney leads the Canadian Progressive Conservative Party to power in the 1984 federal election, ending 20 years of nearly uninterrupted Liberal rule.

• 1995 – The Fourth World Conference on Women opens in Beijing with over 4,750 delegates from 181 countries in attendance.

• 1996 – War on Drugs: Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) attack a military base in Guaviare, starting three weeks of guerrilla warfare in which at least 130 Colombians are killed.

• 1998 – Google is founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, two students at Stanford University.

Births

• 1241 – Alexander III of Scotland (d. 1286)

• 1383 – Count Amadeus VIII of Savoy (d. 1451)

• 1454 – Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English politician (d. 1483)

• 1557 – Sofie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, queen of Denmark and Norway (d. 1631)

• 1563 – Wanli, Emperor of China (d. 1620)

• 1596 – Constantijn Huygens, Dutch poet (d. 1687)

• 1717 – Job Orton, English minister (d. 1783)

• 1755 – Count Axel von Fersen the Younger, Swedish Army officer, diplomat and statesman. (d. 1810)

• 1768 – François-René de Chateaubriand, French diplomat (d. 1848)

• 1803 – Sarah Childress Polk, First Lady of the United States (d. 1891)

• 1809 – Juliusz Słowacki, Polish Romantic poet (d. 1849)

• 1824 – Anton Bruckner, Austrian composer (d. 1896)

• 1825 – Dadabhai Naoroji, An early Indian political leader (d. 1917)

• 1826 – Martin Wiberg, Swedish computer pioneer (d. 1905)

• 1832 – Antonio Agliardi, Italian diplomat (d. 1915)

• 1846 – Daniel Burnham, American architect (d. 1912)

• 1848 – Jennie Lee, American actress (d. 1925)

• 1850 – Luigi Cadorna, Italian Field Marshal (d. 1928)

• 1851 – John Dillon, Irish nationalist (d. 1927)

• 1885 – Dimitrios Loundras, Greek gymnast (d. 1971)

• 1885 – Antonio Bacci, Italian cardinal (d. 1971)

• 1886 – Albert Orsborn, General of The Salvation Army (d. 1967)

• 1890 – Naima Wifstrand, Swedish film actor, operetta singer, troubadour, director and composer (d. 1968)

• 1891 – Fritz Todt, Nazi official (d. 1942)

• 1892 – Darius Milhaud, French composer (d. 1974)

• 1896 – Antonin Artaud, French playwright (d. 1948)

• 1901 – William Lyons, British industrialist (Jaguar cars) (d. 1985)

• 1902 – Thomas Mitchell, England cricketer (d. 1996)

• 1905 – Mary Renault, English novelist (d. 1983)

• 1906 – Max Delbrück, German biologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1981)

• 1908 – Edward Dmytryk, American film director (d. 1999)

• 1908 – Richard Wright, American writer (d. 1960)

• 1909 – Eduard Wirths, Nazi physician (d. 1945)

• 1910 – Denis Tomlinson, South African cricketer (d. 1993)

• 1913 – Mickey Cohen, American gangster (d. 1976)

• 1913 – Stanford Moore, American chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1982)

• 1914 – Rudolf Leiding, German auto executive, third postwar chairman of Volkswagen (d. 2003)

• 1917 – Henry Ford II, American industrialist (d. 1987)

• 1918 – Paul Harvey, American radio broadcaster (d. 2009)

• 1919 – Howard Morris, American comic actor and director (d. 2005)

• 1920 – Teddy Johnson, British singer

• 1920 – Clemar Bucci, Argentine racing driver

• 1922 – Per Olof Sundman, Swedish writer and politician (d. 1992)

• 1924 – Joan Aiken, English writer (d. 2004)

• 1925 – Forrest Carter, American author (d. 1979)

• 1926 – Bert Olmstead, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1927 – John McCarthy, American computer scientist

• 1928 – Dick York, American actor (d. 1992)

• 1929 – Thomas Eagleton, American politician (d. 2007)

• 1931 – Mitzi Gaynor, American actress

• 1932 – Carlos Romero Barcelo, Puerto Rican politician

• 1932 – Dinsdale Landen, English actor (d. 2003)

• 1934 – Clive Granger, Welsh-born economist, Nobel laureate

• 1937 – Dawn Fraser, Australian swimmer

• 1937 – Mikk Mikiver, Estonian actor and director (d. 2006)

• 1939 – Denis Lindsay, South African cricketer (d. 2005)

• 1941 – Marilena Chaui, Brazilian philosopher

• 1941 – Sushilkumar Shinde, Indian politician

• 1941 – Joanna Van Gyseghem, English actress

• 1941 – Ramesh Sethi, East African cricketer

• 1942 – Raymond Floyd, American professional golfer

• 1942 – Jerry Jarrett, American professional wrestling promoter

• 1944 – Ron Ward, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1945 – Danny Gatton, American musician (d. 1994)

• 1946 – Gary Duncan, American guitarist (Quicksilver Messenger Service)

• 1946 – Bryan Mauricette, Canadian cricketer

• 1949 – Dean Pees, National Football League defensive coordinator

• 1949 – Tom Watson, American golfer

• 1950 – Doyle Alexander, American baseball player

• 1950 – Ehteshamuddin, Pakistani cricketer

• 1951 – Martin Chambers, English drummer (The Pretenders)

• 1951 – Judith Ivey, American actress

• 1951 – Marita Ulvskog, Swedish politician

• 1952 – Rishi Kapoor, Indian actor

• 1953 – Fatih Terim, Turkish footballer and coach

• 1955 – Brian Schweitzer, American politician, governor of Montana

• 1955 – Garth Le Roux, former South African cricketer

• 1956 – Blackie Lawless, American musician, lead singer in W.A.S.P.

• 1957 – Khandi Alexander, American actress

• 1957 – Patricia Tallman, American actress

• 1958 – David Drew Pinsky (Dr. Drew), American radio show host

• 1958 – George Hurley, American drummer (Minutemen)

• 1959 – Kevin Harrington, Australian actor

• 1959 – Armin Kogler, Austrian ski jumper

• 1960 – Kim Thayil, American guitarist (Soundgarden, Probot)

• 1960 – Damon Wayans, American actor and comedian

• 1961 – Kevin Kennedy, English actor

• 1961 – Rizwan-uz-Zaman, Pakistani cricketer

• 1962 – Kiran More, Indian cricketer

• 1962 – Ulla Tørnæs, Danish politician

• 1963 – Sam Yaffa, Finnish musician (Hanoi Rocks, New York Dolls)

• 1963 – John Vanbiesbrouck, American hockey player

• 1964 – René Pape, German bass

• 1965 – Sergio Momesso, French Canadian ice hockey player

• 1966 – Yanka Dyagileva, Russian poet and singer-songwriter (d. 1991)

• 1967 – Darrin Murray, New Zealand cricketer

• 1968 – Phill Lewis, American actor

• 1968 – Mike Piazza, baseball player

• 1968 – John DiMaggio, American actor

• 1969 – Alexander Coe, Welsh DJ and record producer

• 1969 – Noah Taylor, English-born actor

• 1970 – Dave Buchwald, American hacker and film maker

• 1970 – Igor Cavalera, Brazilian drummer (Sepultura)

• 1970 – Daisy Dee, West Indian-born singer

• 1971 – Ione Skye, English actress

• 1971 – Lance Klusener, South African cricketer

• 1971 – Maik Taylor, Northern Irish footballer

• 1971 – Anita Yuen, Hong Kong actress

• 1972 – Françoise Yip, Canadian actress

• 1973 – Jason David Frank, American actor

• 1973 – Aaron Fultz, American baseball player

• 1974 – Carmit Bachar, American musician (Pussycat Dolls)

• 1974 – Andrew Hansen, Australian comedian and musician for The Chaser

• 1974 – Naved Ashraf, Pakistani cricketer

• 1974 – Lincoln Roberts, West Indian cricketer

• 1975 – Dave Salmoni, Canadian zoologist, animal trainer

• 1976 – Katreeya English, Thai singer, actress, model

• 1976 – Clinton R. Nixon, American game designer

• 1977 – Sun-Woo Kim, Korean Major League Baseball player

• 1977 – Mark Ronson, English DJ/Producer and co-founder of Allido Records

• 1977 – Lucie Silvas, English musician

• 1978 – Wes Bentley, American actor

• 1978 – Christian Walz, svensk soulartist.

• 1979 – Maxim Afinogenov, Russian ice hockey player

• 1979 – Pedro Camacho, Portuguese composer

• 1979 – Kosuke Matsuura, Japanese racing driver

• 1979 – Kristina Krepela, Croatian actress

• 1979 – MC Mong, South Korean hip hop artist

• 1980 – Hitomi Shimatani, Japanese singer

• 1980 – Pat Neshek, American baseball player

• 1981 – Richard Garcia, Australian footballer

• 1981 – Beyoncé Knowles, American singer and actress

• 1981 – Lacey Mosley, American singer (Flyleaf)

• 1983 – Yuichi Nakamaru, Japanese idol, (member of KAT-TUN)

• 1984 – Hamish McIntosh, Australian football player

• 1984 – Demetris Nichols, American basketball player

• 1984 – Camila Bordonaba, Argentine actress, singer and composer

• 1986 – James Younghusband, Philippine footballer

• 1988 – John Tyler Hammons, American politician

• 1990 – Stefania Fernandez, Miss Universe,Venezuela

Deaths

• 799 – Musa al-Kazim, Shia Imam (b. 745)

• 1037 – King Bermudo III of Leon (b. 1010)

• 1063 – Toghrül, Turkish conqueror of Persia and Baghdad

• 1199 – Joan of England, Queen consort of Sicily, wife of William II of Sicily (b. 1165)

• 1537 – Johann Dietenberger, German theologian (b. c.1475)

• 1588 – Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, English politician (b. 1532)

• 1767 – Charles Townshend, English politician (b. 1725)

• 1780 – John Fielding, English magistrate and social reformer (b. 1721)

• 1784 – César-François Cassini de Thury, French astronomer (b. 1714)

• 1794 – John Hely-Hutchinson, Irish statesman (b. 1724)

• 1804 – Richard Somers, American naval officer

• 1821 – José Miguel Carrera, Chilean general and founding father (b. 1785)

• 1852 – William MacGillivray, Scottish naturalist and ornithologist (b. 1796)

• 1864 – John Hunt Morgan, American Confederate military leader (b. 1825)

• 1907 – Edvard Grieg, Norwegian composer (b. 1843)

• 1909 – Clyde Fitch, American dramatist and playwright (b. 1865)

• 1940 – George William de Carteret, author from Jersey island (b. 1869)

• 1963 – Robert Schuman, French politician (b. 1886)

• 1965 – Albert Schweitzer, Alsatian physician and missionary, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1875)

• 1974 – Marcel Achard, French playwright (b. 1899)

• 1974 – Creighton Abrams, U.S. Army general (b. 1914)

• 1974 – Lewi Pethrus, Swedish politician (b. 1884)

• 1977 – E. F. Schumacher, German economist and statistician (b. 1911)

• 1977 – Jean Rostand, French biologist (b. 1894)

• 1977 – Stelios Perpiniadis, Greek musician (b. 1899)

• 1979 – Canuplin, Filipino magician and bodabil entertainer (b. 1904)

• 1986 – Hank Greenberg, American baseball player (b. 1911)

• 1986 – Otto Glória, Brazilian football coach (b. 1917)

• 1987 – Bill Bowes, English cricketer (b. 1908)

• 1989 – Georges Simenon, French author (b. 1903)

• 1989 – Ronald Syme, New Zealand-born classicist and historian (b. 1903)

• 1990 – Irene Dunne American actress (b. 1898)

• 1991 – Tom Tryon, American actor and novelist (b. 1926)

• 1991 – Dottie West, American singer (b. 1932)

• 1991 – Charlie Barnet, American jazz saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1913)

• 1993 – Hervé Villechaize, French actor (b. 1943)

• 1995 – Chuck Greenberg, American musician (Shadowfax (b. 1950)

• 1995 – William Kunstler, American lawyer and activist (b. 1919)

• 1997 – Aldo Rossi, Italian architect (b. 1931)

• 1998 – Elizabeth Kata, Australian writer, A Patch of Blue (b. 1912)

• 2001 – Hank the Angry Drunken Dwarf, American radio personality (b. 1962)

• 2002 – Vlado Perlemuter, Lithuanian pianist (b. 1904)

• 2003 – Tibor Varga, Hungarian violinist and conductor (b. 1921)

• 2003 – Lola Bobesco, Romanian-born violinist (b. 1921)

• 2004 – Alphonso Ford, American basketball player (b. 1971)

• 2004 – Moe Norman, Canadian golfer (b. 1929)

• 2004 – James O. Page, American paramedic (b. 1936)

• 2006 – Colin Thiele, Australian author and educator (b. 1920)

• 2006 – Giacinto Facchetti, Italian footballer (b. 1942)

• 2006 – Steve Irwin, Australian naturalist and television personality (b. 1962)

• 2006 – Astrid Varnay, Swedish-born soprano (b. 1918)

Holidays and observances

• Roman festivals – start of the Ludi Romani a.k.a. Ludi Magni, until 19 September.

• RC Saints – Saint Rosalia, Saint Rose of Viterbo.

• Aaron and Moses, in the Maronite Church

• Feast day of Saint Ultan of Ardbraccan.

• Also see September 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).

• Immigrant's Day in Argentina since 1949.

• Newspaper Carrier Day in the United States.