Events

• 506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde.

• 1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France.

• 1509 – An earthquake known as "The Lesser Judgment Day" hits Istanbul.

• 1547 – The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, the last full scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI.

• 1608 – John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia.

• 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale volunteers to spy for the Continental Army.

• 1798 – At the Battle of St. George's Caye, British Honduras defeats Spain.

• 1813 – The United States defeats the British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.

• 1823 – Simón Bolívar is named President of Peru.

• 1846 – Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine.

• 1858 – George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora.

• 1897 – Lattimer massacre: A sheriff's posse kills 20 unarmed immigrant miners in Pennsylvania, United States.

• 1898 – Empress Elizabeth of Austria is assassinated by Luigi Lucheni.

• 1919 – Austria and the Allies sign the Treaty of Saint-Germain recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.

• 1927 – France wins its first Davis Cup since first competing in the event in 1905.

• 1932 – The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened.

• 1939 – World War II: The submarine is mistakenly sunk by the submarine near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss.

• 1939 – World War II: Canada declares war on Nazi Germany, joining the Allies – France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia.

• 1942 – World War II: The British Army carries out an amphibious landing on Madagascar to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the Madagascar Campaign.

• 1943 – World War II: German forces begin their occupation of Rome.

• 1951 – The United Kingdom begins an economic boycott of Iran.

• 1961 – Italian Grand Prix, a crash causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari.

• 1963 – 20 African-American students enter public schools in Alabama.

• 1967 – The people of Gibraltar vote to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain.

• 1972 – The United States suffers its first loss of an international basketball game in a disputed match against the Soviet Union at Munich, Germany.

• 1974 – Guinea-Bissau gains independence from Portugal.

• 1976 – A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident and an Inex-Adria DC-9 collide near Zagreb, Yugoslavia, killing 176.

• 1977 – Hamida Djandoubi, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by guillotine in France.

• 1984 – geneticist Alec Jeffreys realises the potential of DNA profiling in his laboratory.

• 1990 – The Basilica of Our Lady of Peace in Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire – the largest church in Africa is consecrated by Pope John Paul II.

• 2001 – Charles Ingram cheats his way into winning one million pounds on a British version of Who Wants to be a Millionaire.

• 2002 – Switzerland, traditionally a neutral country, joins the United Nations.

• 2003 – Anna Lindh, the foreign minister of Sweden, is fatally stabbed while shopping, and dies the following day.

• 2007 – Former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999.

• 2008 – The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history is powered up in Geneva, Switzerland.

Births

• 1169 – Alexius II Comnenus, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1183)

• 1385 – Le Loi, national hero of Viet Nam, founder of the Later Lê Dynasty (d. 1433)

• 1487 – Pope Julius III, Italian Roman Catholic Pope (d. 1555)

• 1550 – Alonso de Guzmán El Bueno, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia, Spanish Armada commander (d. 1615)

• 1561 – Hernando Arias de Saavedra, Spanish colonial governor (d. 1634)

• 1588 – Nicholas Lanier, English composer (d. 1666)

• 1624 – Thomas Sydenham, English physician (d. 1689)

• 1638 – Maria Theresa of Spain, queen of Louis XIV of France (d. 1683)

• 1659 – Henry Purcell, English composer (d. 1695)

• 1714 – Niccolò Jommelli, Italian composer (d. 1774)

• 1758 – Hannah Webster Foster, American author (d. 1840)

• 1786 – Nicolás Bravo, Mexican politician and soldier (d. 1854)

• 1786 – William Mason, American politician (d. 1860)

• 1788 – Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes, French archaeologist (d. 1868)

• 1801 – Marie Laveau, American Voodoo practitioner (d. 1881)

• 1836 – Joseph Wheeler, American general (d. 1906)

• 1839 – Isaac Kauffman Funk, American publisher (d. 1912)

• 1839 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American philosopher (d. 1914)

• 1844 – Abel Hoadley, Australian confectioner (d. 1918)

• 1852 – Alice Brown Davis, Seminole chief (d. 1935)

• 1855 – Albert F. Mummery, British mountaineer (d. 1895)

• 1861 – Niels Hansen Jacobsen, Danish sculptor and ceramist (d. 1941)

• 1866 – Jeppe Aakjær, Danish writer (d. 1930)

• 1871 – Charles Collett, British mechanical engineer (d. 1952)

• 1885 – Carl Clinton Van Doren, American biographer and critic (d. 1950)

• 1886 – Hilda Doolittle, American poet and novelist (d. 1961)

• 1887 – Giovanni Gronchi, 3rd President of the Italian Republic (d. 1978)

• 1887 – Kenneth Mason, British geographer (d. 1976)

• 1890 – Elsa Schiaparelli, French couturiere (d. 1973)

• 1890 – Franz Werfel, Austrian-Bohemian novelist (d. 1945)

• 1892 – Arthur Compton, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1962)

• 1893 – Maria de Jesus, Portuguese supercentenarian and former oldest living person (d. 2009)

• 1895 – Kavi Samrat Viswanatha Satyanarayana, Telugu writer (d. 1976)

• 1896 – Ye Ting, Chinese military leader (d. 1946)

• 1896 – Adele Astaire, American dancer and entertainer (d. 1981)

• 1896 – Robert Taschereau, Canadian judge and politician (d. 1970)

• 1897 – Georges Bataille, French writer (d. 1962)

• 1897 – Hilde Hildebrand, German actress (d. 1976)

• 1898 – Bessie Love, American actress (d. 1986)

• 1898 – Waldo Semon, American inventor (d. 1999)

• 1904 – Max Shachtman, American politician (d. 1972)

• 1906 – Karl Wien, German mountaineer (d. 1937)

• 1907 – Alva R. Fitch, American army officer (d. 1989)

• 1908 – Waldo Wedel, American Archaeologist (d. 1996)

• 1908 – Raymond Scott, American composer, bandleader, electronic music pioneer (d. 1994)

• 1912 – Mary Walter, Filipina actress (d. 1993)

• 1913 – Lincoln Gordon, American diplomat

• 1914 – Robert Wise, American film director (d. 2005)

• 1915 – Edmond O'Brien, American actor (d. 1985)

• 1917 – Miguel Serrano, Chilean author and diplomat (d. 2009)

• 1918 – Rin Tin Tin, German shepherd dog (d. 1932)

• 1920 – Fabio Taglioni, Italian motorcycle engineer (d. 2001)

• 1922 – Yma Súmac, Peruvian singer (d. 2008)

• 1924 – Ted Kluszewski, American baseball player (d. 1988)

• 1924 – Boyd K. Packer, LDS apostle

• 1925 – Roy Brown, American blues musician (d. 1981)

• 1928 – Jean Vanier, Canadian disabilities advocate

• 1928 – Walter Martin, American Christian apologist (d. 1989)

• 1929 – Arnold Palmer, American golfer

• 1931 – Philip Baker Hall, American actor

• 1931 – Joan Carroll Cruz, American author

• 1932 – Bo Goldman, American screenwriter

• 1933 – Yevgeny Khrunov, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2000)

• 1933 – Karl Lagerfeld, German fashion designer

• 1934 – Charles Kuralt, American journalist (d. 1997)

• 1934 – Roger Maris, American baseball player (d. 1985)

• 1935 – Mary Oliver, American poet

• 1937 – Jared Diamond, American biologist and author

• 1941 – Stephen Jay Gould, American paleontologist (d. 2002)

• 1941 – Christopher Hogwood, English conductor

• 1941 – Gunpei Yokoi, Japanese inventor and video game designer (d. 1997)

• 1942 – Danny Hutton, American singer

• 1943 – Eldridge Coleman ("Superstar" Billy Graham), American professional wrestler

• 1943 – Daniel Truhitte, American actor

• 1943 – Neale Donald Walsch, American author

• 1944 – Sir Thomas Allen, English baritone

• 1945 – Jose Feliciano, Puerto Rican singer

• 1946 – Jim Hines, American athlete

• 1946 – Don Powell, English drummer

• 1946 – Michèle Alliot-Marie, French politician

• 1948 – Tony Gatlif, Algerian-born director

• 1948 – Judy Geeson, English actress

• 1948 – Bob Lanier, American basketball player

• 1948 – Margaret Trudeau, former wife of Pierre Trudeau

• 1948 – Zhang Chengzhi, Chinese writer

• 1948 – Charlie Waters, American football player

• 1949 – Don Muraco, professional wrestler

• 1949 – Bill O'Reilly, American journalist and commentator

• 1950 – Joe Perry, American musician

• 1952 – Vic Toews, Canadian politician

• 1952 – Medea Benjamin, American activist

• 1953 – Amy Irving, American actress

• 1956 – Johnny Hickman, American musician

• 1956 – Johnny Fingers, Irish musician The Boomtown Rats

• 1957 – Carol Decker, UK singer

• 1957 – Kate Burton, Swiss actress

• 1958 – Chris Columbus, American film director

• 1958 – Siobhan Fahey, Irish singer

• 1959 – Peter Nelson, American actor

• 1960 – Alison Bechdel, American cartoonist

• 1960 – Colin Firth, English actor

• 1960 – David Lowery, American musician

• 1963 – Randy Johnson, American baseball player

• 1963 – Bill Stevenson, American music producer and musician

• 1964 – John E. Sununu, American politician

• 1965 – Robin Goodridge, English rock drummer

• 1966 – Joe Nieuwendyk, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1968 – Big Daddy Kane, American rapper

• 1968 – Andreas Herzog, Austrian footballer

• 1968 – Guy Ritchie, British film director

• 1969 – Johnathon Schaech, American actor

• 1969 – Ai Jing, Chinese singer

• 1970 – Paula Kelley, American musician

• 1970 – Ménélik, Cameroonian/French rapper

• 1972 – James Duval, American actor

• 1972 – Katarína Hasprová, Slovak singer

• 1972 – Ghada Shouaa, Syrian athlete

• 1972 – Bente Skari, Norwegian cross-country skier

• 1973 – Ferdinand Coly, Senegalese footballer

• 1974 – Mirko Filipović, Croatian martial artist

• 1974 – Ryan Phillippe, American actor

• 1974 – Ben Wallace, American basketball player

• 1975 – Melanie Pullen, American photograper

• 1976 – Matt Morgan, American professional wrestler

• 1979 – Jacob Young, American actor and singer

• 1981 – Marco Chiudinelli, Swiss tennis player

• 1986 – Hiroki Uchi, Japanese singer

• 1988 – Jordan Staal, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1988 – Coco Rocha, Canadian fashion model

Deaths

• 210 BC – Qin Shi Huang, first emperor of China.

• 918 – Count Baldwin II of Flanders (b. 865)

• 954 – King Louis IV of France (b. 920)

• 1167 – Empress Matilda, wife of Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1102)

• 1197 – Henry II of Champagne (b. 1166)

• 1217 – William de Reviers, 5th Earl of Devon

• 1308 – Emperor Go-Nijō of Japan (b. 1285)

• 1382 – Louis I of Hungary, the King of Hungary, Croatia, Dalmatia, Jerusalem and Sicily from 1342 and of Poland (b. 1326)

• 1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy (assassinated) (b. 1371)

• 1482 – Federico da Montefeltro, Italian Renaissance condottiero and arts patron (b. 1422)

• 1519 – John Colet, English churchman and educator (b. 1467)

• 1559 – Anthony Denny, confidant of King Henry VIII of England (b. 1501)

• 1591 – Richard Grenville, English soldier and explorer (b. 1542)

• 1604 – William Morgan, Welsh Bible translator (b. 1545)

• 1607 – Luzzasco Luzzaschi, Italian composer and organist (b. 1545)

• 1669 – Henrietta Maria, queen of Charles I of England (b. 1609)

• 1676 – Gerrard Winstanley, English religious reformer (b. 1609)

• 1680 – Baldassare Ferri, Italian castrato (b. 1610)

• 1748 – Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo, foundress of the Congregation of the Religious of the Virgin Mary (b. 1663)

• 1749 – Émilie du Châtelet, French mathematician and physicist (b. 1706)

• 1759 – Ferdinand Konščak, Croatian explorer (b. 1703)

• 1797 – Mary Wollstonecraft, English author (b. 1759)

• 1801 – Jason Fairbanks, American murderer (b. 1780)

• 1851 – Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, American educator (b. 1787)

• 1867 – Simon Sechter, Austrian composer (b. 1788)

• 1898 – Elisabeth of Austria (assassinated) (b. 1837)

• 1905 – Pete Browning, American baseball player (b. 1861)

• 1915 – Charles Boucher de Boucherville, Premier of Quebec (b. 1822)

• 1931 – Dmitri Egorov, Russian mathematician (b. 1869)

• 1935 – Huey Long, American politician (b. 1893)

• 1937 – Sergei Tretyakov, Russian writer (b. 1892)

• 1948 – King Ferdinand of Bulgaria (b. 1861)

• 1952 – Youssef Aftimus, Lebanese civil engineer and architect (b. 1866)

• 1961 – Leo Carrillo, American actor (b. 1880)

• 1961 – Wolfgang von Trips, German racing driver (b. 1928)

• 1965 – Father Divine, American religious leader (b. 1880)

• 1966 – Emil Gumbel, German mathematician and pacifist (b. 1891)

• 1971 – Pier Angeli, Italian actress (b. 1932)

• 1975 – George Paget Thomson, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)

• 1976 – Dalton Trumbo, American writer (b. 1905)

• 1978 – Ronnie Peterson, Swedish race car driver (b. 1944)

• 1979 – Agostinho Neto, Angolan politician (b. 1922)

• 1983 – Felix Bloch, Swiss-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)

• 1983 – John Vorster, Prime Minister of South Africa (b. 1915)

• 1985 – Jock Stein, Scottish football player and manager (b. 1922)

• 1991 – Jack Crawford, Australian tennis player (b. 1908)

• 1995 – Charles Denner, French actor (b. 1926)

• 1995 – Yasutomo Nagai, motorbike driver (b.1965)

• 1996 – Joanne Dru, American actress (b. 1923)

• 1996 – Hans List, Austrian scientist and inventor (b. 1896)

• 1997 – Jack Adkisson, professional wrestler (b. 1929)

• 1998 – Carl Forgione, British actor (b. 1944)

• 1999 – Alfredo Kraus, Spanish tenor (b. 1927)

• 2000 – Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah, Pakistani journalist and writer. (b. 1921)

• 2001 – DJ Uncle Al (b. 1969)

• 2004 – Brock Adams, American politician (b. 1927)

• 2005 – Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown, American musician (b. 1924)

• 2006 – Patty Berg, American golf player (b. 1918)

• 2006 – King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV of Tonga (b. 1918)

• 2006 – Daniel Wayne Smith, son of Playboy model Anna Nicole Smith (b. 1986)

• 2007 – Jane Wyman, American actress (b. 1917)

• 2007 – Anita Roddick, British businesswoman (b. 1942)

• 2007 – Ted Stepien, former basketball team owner (b. 1925)

• 2008 – Domagoj Kapec, Croatian hockey player (b. 1989)

Holidays and observances

• Calendar of Saints – Nicholas of Tolentino; Saint Aubert.

• Also see September 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).

• Gibraltar – National Day.

• Teacher's Day in People's Republic of China and Hong Kong.

• World Suicide Prevention Day