Phetchabun is a town (thesaban mueang) in Thailand, capital of the Phetchabun Province. It covers the tambon Nai Mueang of the Phetchabun district, along the Pa Sak River. As of 2005, it has a population of 23,823.

From historical evidence, it is believed that Phetchabun was established by two kingdoms – namely the Sukhothai Kingdom and the Ayutthaya Period of the great King Narai. Initially the province was called "Phe-cha-buth" as "Phuenchapura", which means the city that is plenty of crops.
The reason for being given its name is because the province is very fertile and full of natural resources.