Cross of Knights of Montjoie
The
Order of Mountjoy (, ) was a
military order during the
crusades.
The period of the
Crusades witnessed the rise of
religious orders and Christian military orders. The order of Montjoie is mentioned in the thirteenth century as having been founded for the purpose of protecting Christian pilgrims in
Iberian Peninsula. Its existence was brief, having been established c.1180 and united with the
Order of Calatrava in 1221.
The order was founded by count
Rodrigo Álvarez in the
Holy Land. Rodrigo was from the order of Santiago, and had already established the order in
Castile and
Aragon before establishing it in the
kingdom of Jerusalem in the tower of
Ascalon. The headquarters of the order was situated on
Montjoie, the hill where the
original crusaders had first seen Jerusalem, hence its name ("mountain of joy",
mons gaudii in
Latin,
Mont de joie in
French, contracted in
Montjoie). The rule of the order was adapted from the
Cistercian rule, and was entirely a
Spanish order. The emblem of the order was a red and white cross.
A number of knights from the order fought at the
Battle of Hattin in 1187, but none of them survived. Discontentment with the leadership of the master
Fralmo in 1196 led to the establishment of a new
Order of Monfragüe in Castile while the Aragonese element of the order was merged with Templars. In 1221
Ferdinand III of Castile joined the order of Monfragüe to the
Order of Calatrava. The
Order of Montesa was inspired partly by the suggestion to re-establish Montjoie after the suppression of the Templars.
This Order was also known as the Order of Trufac.
Bibliography
- Blázquez, A. (1917). "Bosquejo histórico de la Orden de Monte Gaudio". Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia, 71:138–72.
- Canal Sánchez-Pagín, José María (1983). "El conde don Rodrigo Álvarez de Sarria, fundador de la orden militar de Monte Gaudio". Compostellanum, 28:373–97.
- Delaville Le Roulx, J. (1893). "L'Ordre de Monjoye". Revue de l'Orient Latin, 1:42–57.
- Forey, Alan J. (1971). "The Order of Mountjoy". Speculum, 46(2):250–66.
- O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (1969). "Hermandades between the Military Orders of Calatrava and Santiago during the Castilian Reconquest, 1158–1252". Speculum, 44(4):609–18.
Category:CrusadesMontjoie, Order ofMontjoie, Order ofCategory:Military orderscs:Řád rytířů z Montjoiede:Orden von Montjoiees:Orden de Montjoiefr:Ordre de Montjoiemk:Редот на Montjoiepl:Zakon Monte Gaudio
