Mon kingdoms ruled large sections of
Burma from the 9th to the 11th, the 13th to the 16th, and again in the 18th centuries.
The first recorded kingdom that can indisputably be attributed to the
Mon people was
Dvaravati, which prospered until around 1000 AD when their capital was sacked by the
Khmer Empire and most of the inhabitants fled west to present-day Burma and eventually founded new kingdoms. These, too, eventually came under pressure from new ethnic groups arriving from the north.
About the same period, southward-migrating Burmans took over lands in central Myanmar once dominated by
Pyu city-states and the
Tai started trickling into
South-East Asia. The Burman (
Bamar ) established the kingdom of
Bagan. In 1057, Bagan defeated the Mon kingdom, capturing the Mon capital of Thaton and carrying off 30,000 Mon captives to Bagan.
After the fall of Bagan to the invading
Mongols in
1287, the Mon, under
Wareru an ethnic
Tai, regained their independence and captured
Martaban and Bago, thus virtually controlling their previously held territory.
A main body of ethnic
Shan /
Tai migration came in the 13th century after the fall of the
Kingdom of Dali to the
Mongol Empire and filled the void left by the fall of the
Bagan kingdom in northern Burma forming a loose coalition of city-states .
These successive waves of
Bamar and
Tai groups slowly eroded the Mon kingdoms, and the next 200 years witnessed incessant warfare between the Mon and the Burmese, but the Mon managed to retain their independence until 1539. The last independent Mon kingdom fell to the Burmese when
Alaungpaya razed Bago in 1757. Many of the Mon were killed, while others fled to Thailand.
Origin
Religion
Mon Religion are Buddhism in 7-9century Arab trader come from
Middle East Mon Kingdoms Become Muslim State
List of Mon monarchs
Mon monarchs ruled
lower Burma from 1287 to 1539 with a brief revival during 1550-53.
See also
