Kotlin (or Kettle; ) is a
Russian
island, located near the head of the
Gulf of Finland, 20 miles west of
Saint Petersburg in the
Baltic Sea. Kotlin separates the
Neva Bay from the rest of the gulf. The fortified town of
Kronstadt is located on the island.
1888 map of Neva Bay. Kotlin is depicted in the upper left corner
In general outline, the island forms an elongated triangle, 7½ miles in length by about 1 in breadth, with its base towards St Petersburg. The eastern or broad end is occupied by the town of Kronstadt, and
shoals extend for a mile and a half from the western point of the island to the rock on which the Tolbaaken
lighthouse is built.
The island thus divides the seaward approach to St Petersburg into two channels; that on the northern side is obstructed by shoals which extend across it from Kotlin to
Lisiy Nos; the southern channel, the highway to the former capital, is narrowed by a spit which projects from opposite
Lomonosov on the Russian mainland, and, lying close to Kronstadt, has been historically strongly guarded by
batteries.
The naval approach to Saint Petersburg was greatly facilitated by the construction in
1875-
1885 of a
canal, 23 ft. deep, through the shallows, whereas cars will soon be able to travel overland to the island by using the
Saint Petersburg Dam from the north and south shores of the
Gulf of Finland. Started in 1980, but delayed by political upheaval in the 1990s, the project is now scheduled to be completed in 2008.
Pollution
On
November 15,
2000, a collision between two ships, a 67-meter refrigerator trawler named Nortlandia and a 130-meter
Panamanian-registered cargo vessel named E.W. McKinley, spilled 3 tons of
diesel fuel into the water off Kotlin Island. The smaller ship also sank as a result of the collision after sustaining
hull damage, and two crew members required treatment for
hypothermia. The fuel slick covered 11 square kilometers of Kronstadt harbor. By that afternoon, divers had plugged the hole to prevent further leakage, and remediation efforts to contain and remove the spill were underway.
See also
