Events

• 1462 – Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II (The Night Attack) forcing him to retreat from Wallachia.

• 1497 – Battle of Deptford Bridge – forces under King Henry VII defeat troops led by Michael An Gof.

• 1565 – Matsunaga Hisahide assassinates the 13th Ashikaga shogun, Ashikaga Yoshiteru.

• 1579 – Sir Francis Drake claims a land he calls Nova Albion (modern California) for England.

• 1631 – Mumtaz Mahal dies during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan I, then spends more than 20 years building her tomb, the Taj Mahal.

• 1773 – Cúcuta, Colombia is founded by Juana Rangel de Cuéllar.

• 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Bunker Hill

• 1789 – In France, the Third Estate declares itself the National Assembly.

• 1839 – In the Kingdom of Hawaii, Kamehameha III issues the Edict of toleration which gives Roman Catholics the freedom to worship in the Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaii Catholic Church and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace is later established as a result.

• 1863 – Battle of Aldie in the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil War.

• 1876 – Indian Wars: Battle of the Rosebud – 1,500 Sioux and Cheyenne led by Crazy Horse beat back General George Crook's forces at Rosebud Creek in Montana Territory.

• 1877 – Indian Wars: Battle of White Bird Canyon – the Nez Perce defeat the US Cavalry at White Bird Canyon in the Idaho Territory.

• 1885 – The Statue of Liberty arrives in New York Harbor.

• 1898 – The United States Navy Hospital Corps is established.

• 1901 – The College Board introduces its first standardized test, the forerunner to the SAT.

• 1910 – Aurel Vlaicu performed the first flight of A. Vlaicu nr. 1.

• 1930 – U.S. President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act into law.

• 1932 – Bonus Army: around a thousand World War I veterans amass at the United States Capitol as the U.S. Senate considers a bill that would give them certain benefits.

• 1933 – Union Station Massacre: in Kansas City, Missouri, four FBI agents and captured fugitive Frank Nash are gunned down by gangsters attempting to free Nash.

• 1939 – Last public guillotining in France. Eugen Weidmann, a convicted murderer, is guillotined in Versailles outside the prison Saint-Pierre.

• 1940 – World War II: Operation Ariel begins – Allied troops start to evacuate France, following Germany's takeover of Paris and most of the nation.

• 1940 – World War II: sinking of the by the Luftwaffe near Saint-Nazaire, France.

• 1940 – World War II: the British Army's 11th Hussars assault and take Fort Capuzzo in Libya, Africa from Italian forces.

• 1940 – The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania fall under the occupation of the Soviet Union.

• 1944 – Iceland declares independence from Denmark and becomes a republic.

• 1948 – A Douglas DC-6 carrying United Airlines Flight 624 crashes near Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania, killing all 43 people on board.

• 1953 – Workers Uprising: in East Germany, the Soviet Union orders a division of troops into East Berlin to quell a rebellion.

• 1958 – The Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing being built connecting Vancouver and North Vancouver, Canada, collapses into the Burrard Inlet, killing many of the ironworkers and injuring others.

• 1958 – The Wooden Roller Coaster at Playland, which is in the Pacific National Exhibition, Vancouver, Canada opens. It is still open today.

• 1961 – The New Democratic Party of Canada is founded with the merger of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and the Canadian Labour Congress.

• 1963 – The United States Supreme Court rules 8 to 1 in Abington School District v. Schempp against allowing the reciting of Bible verses and the Lord's Prayer in public schools.

• 1972 – Watergate scandal: five White House operatives are arrested for burglarizing the offices of the Democratic National Committee, in an attempt by some members of the Republican party to illegally wiretap the opposition.

• 1987 – With the death of the last individual, the Dusky Seaside Sparrow becomes extinct.

• 1991 – Apartheid: the South African Parliament repeals the Population Registration Act, which had required racial classification of all South Africans at birth.

• 1992 – A 'Joint Understanding' agreement on arms reduction is signed by U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin (this would be later codified in START II).

• 1994 – Following a televised low-speed highway chase , O.J. Simpson is arrested for the murders of his wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend Ronald Goldman.

Births

• 1239 – Edward Longshanks, English king (d. 1307)

• 1603 – Joseph of Cupertino, Italian saint (d. 1663)

• 1682 – King Charles XII of Sweden (d. 1718)

• 1691 – Giovanni Paolo Pannini, Italian painter and architect (d. 1765)

• 1693 – Johann Georg Walch, German theologian (d. 1775)

• 1704 – John Kay, English inventor (d. 1780)

• 1714 – Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten, German philosopher (d. 1762)

• 1714 – César-François Cassini de Thury, French astronomer (d. 1784)

• 1718 – George Howard, British field marshal (d. 1796)

• 1742 – William Hooper, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1790)

• 1808 – Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian author (d. 1845)

• 1810 – Ferdinand Freiligrath, German writer (d. 1876)

• 1811 – Jón Sigurðsson, Icelandic independence fighter (d. 1879)

• 1818 – Charles Gounod, French composer (d. 1893)

• 1818 – Sophie of Württemberg, queen of the Netherlands (d. 1877)

• 1832 – Sir William Crookes, English physicist and chemist (d. 1919)

• 1839 – Arthur Tooth, English Anglican Clergyman (d. 1931)

• 1858 – Ebenezer Sumner Draper, 44^th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1914)

• 1861 – Pete Browning, American baseball player (d. 1905)

• 1861 – Omar Bundy, American army general (d. 1940)

• 1863 – Duke Charles Michael of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1934)

• 1867 – John Robert Gregg, American inventor (d. 1948)

• 1867 – Henry Lawson, Australian poet (d. 1922)

• 1880 – Carl Van Vechten, American writer and photographer (d. 1964)

• 1881 – Tommy Burns, Canadian boxer (d. 1955)

• 1882 – Adolf Friedrich VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1918)

• 1882 – Igor Stravinsky, Russian composer (d. 1971)

• 1888 – Heinz Guderian, German general (d. 1954)

• 1898 – M. C. Escher, Dutch artist (d. 1972)

• 1898 – Carl Hermann, German physicist (d. 1961)

• 1898 – Harry Patch, British supercentenarian (d. 2009)

• 1900 – Martin Bormann, Nazi official (d. 1945)

• 1902 – Sammy Fain, American popular music composer (d. 1989)

• 1902 – Alec Hurwood, Australian cricketer (d. 1982)

• 1903 – Ruth Wakefield, American cook and hotelier (d. 1977)

• 1904 – Ralph Bellamy, American actor (d. 1991)

• 1907 – Maurice Cloche, French film director and screenwriter (d. 1990)

• 1907 – Charles Eames, American designer and architect (d. 1978)

• 1909 – Elmer Lee Andersen, Governor of Minnesota (d. 2004)

• 1909 – Ralph E. Winters, Canadian film editor (d. 2004)

• 1910 – Red Foley, American musician (d. 1968)

• 1910 – George Hees, Canadian politician (d. 1996)

• 1914 – John Hersey, American author (d. 1993)

• 1915 – David "Stringbean" Akeman, American musician and actor (d. 1973)

• 1915 – Karl Targownik, Hungarian psychiatrist (d. 1996)

• 1916 – Terry Gilkyson, American singer, lyricist and composer (d. 1999)

• 1917 – Atle Selberg, Norwegian mathematician (d. 2007)

• 1918 – Ajahn Chah, Meditation master (d. 1992)

• 1920 – Jacob H. Gilbert, American politician (d. 1981)

• 1920 – François Jacob, French biologist, Nobel laureate

• 1923 – Elroy Hirsch, American football player (d. 2004)

• 1927 – Martin Böttcher, German conductor

• 1929 – Tigran Petrosian, Armenian chess player (d. 1984)

• 1930 – Brian Statham, English cricketer (d. 2000)

• 1931 – John Baldessari, American artist

• 1932 – Peter Lupus, American actor

• 1932 – John Murtha, American politician

• 1933 – Harry Browne, American writer and investment analyst (d. 2006)

• 1933 – Christian Ferras, French violinist (d. 1982)

• 1933 – Maurice Stokes, American basketball player (d. 1970)

• 1936 – Ken Loach, British film director

• 1936 – Vern Harper, Canadian First Nations Cree Elder and Korean War veteran

• 1940 – George Akerlof, American economist, Nobel laureate

• 1942 – Mohamed ElBaradei, Egyptian IAEA director, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize

• 1943 – Newt Gingrich, American politician

• 1943 – Barry Manilow, American musician

• 1943 – Burt Rutan, American aerospace engineer

• 1944 – Randy Johnson, American football player (d. 2009)

• 1945 – Frank Ashmore, American actor

• 1945 – Tommy Franks, American General

• 1945 – Ken Livingstone, English politician

• 1945 – Eddy Merckx, Belgian cyclist

• 1946 – Peter Rosei, Austrian writer

• 1947 – Christopher Allport, American actor (d. 2008)

• 1947 – George S. Clinton, American composer and musician

• 1947 – Paul Young, English singer and percussionist (d. 2000)

• 1947 – Linda Chavez, American author

• 1948 – Dave Concepción, Venezuelan baseball player

• 1948 – Aurelio López, Mexican baseball player (d. 1992)

• 1949 – Snakefinger, British-born musician (d. 1987)

• 1950 – Lee Tamahori, New Zealand film director

• 1951 – Joe Piscopo, American actor

• 1952 – Mike Milbury, American ice hockey player, coach and executive

• 1954 – Len Davies, Wrestling promoter

• 1955 – Gail Jones, Australian author

• 1957 – Phil Chevron, Irish musician (The Pogues, The Radiators From Space)

• 1957 – Martin Dillon, American opera singer (d. 2005)

• 1957 – Jon Gries, American actor

• 1957 – Jack Wouterse, Dutch actor

• 1958 – Jello Biafra, American musician and activist

• 1958 – Bobby Farrelly, American film director

• 1958 – Sam Hamad, Syrian/Canadian politician

• 1958 – Daniel McVicar, American actor

• 1958 – Derek Lee Ragin, American countertenor

• 1960 – Adrián Campos, Spanish racing driver

• 1960 – Thomas Haden Church, American actor

• 1961 – Kōichi Yamadera, Japanese seiyū, actor and tarento

• 1962 – Michael Monroe, Finnish singer (Hanoi Rocks)

• 1963 – Greg Kinnear, American actor

• 1964 – Rinaldo Capello, Italian racing driver

• 1964 – Michael Gross, German swimmer

• 1964 – Erin Murphy, American actress

• 1965 – Dermontti Dawson, American football player

• 1965 – Dan Jansen, American speed skater

• 1965 – Dara O'Kearney, Irish ultra runner and professional poker player

• 1966 – Jason Patric, American actor

• 1967 – Eric Stefani, American musician

• 1968 – Julie Miller, Hawaiian triathelte

• 1968 – Minoru Suzuki, Japanese professional wrestler

• 1969 – Paul Tergat, Kenyan athlete

• 1970 – Stéphane Fiset, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1970 – Will Forte, American writer, actor and comedian

• 1970 – Jason Hanson, American football player

• 1970 – Michael Showalter, American comedian

• 1970 – Sasha Sokol, Mexican singer and actress

• 1970 – Popeye Jones, American basketball player

• 1971 – Mildred Fox, Irish politician

• 1971 – Paulina Rubio, Mexican singer

• 1972 – Sebastian White, English musician

• 1973 – Krayzie Bone, American rapper (Bone Thugs-N-Harmony)

• 1973 – Louis Leterrier, French film director

• 1973 – Leander Paes, Indian tennis player

• 1973 – Christian Claudio, Puerto Rican business consultant

• 1974 – Evangelia Psarra, Greek archer

• 1975 – Jennifer Irwin, Canadian actress

• 1975 – Chloe Jones, American pornographic actress (d. 2005)

• 1975 – Joshua Leonard, American actor

• 1976 – Sven Nys, Belgian mountainbiker

• 1976 – Scott Adkins, English actor

• 1977 – Roger Manganelli, American bassist (Less Than Jake)

• 1977 – Mark Tauscher, American football player

• 1977 – Branko Tomovic, Serbian actor

• 1978 – Kumiko Aso, Japanese actress

• 1978 – Isabelle Delobel, French ice dancer

• 1978 – James Corden, English actor and comedian

• 1979 – Nick Rimando, American footballer

• 1980 – Kimeru, Japanese singer

• 1980 – Venus Williams, American tennis player

• 1980 – Jeph Jacques, American webcomic writer

• 1980 – Kim Kardashian, American reality star

• 1981 – Kyle Boller, American football player

• 1981 – Amrita Rao, Actress

• 1981 – Shane Watson, Australian cricketer

• 1982 – Marek Svatoš, Slovakian ice hockey player

• 1983 – Connie Fisher, English stage actress

• 1983 – Kazunari Ninomiya, Japanese singer and actor

• 1983 – Lee Ryan, British singer (Blue)

• 1984 – John Gallagher, Jr., American actor

• 1985 – Marcos Baghdatis, Cypriot tennis player

• 1985 – Rafael Sóbis, Brazilian footballer

• 1988 – Andrew Ogilvy, Australian basketball player

• 1988 – Stephanie Rice, Australian swimmer

Deaths

• 900 – Fulk the Venerable, Archbishop of Rheims (assassinated by Count Baldwin II of Flanders)

• 1025 – Bolesław I the Brave, first king of Poland (b. 967)

• 1091 – Dirk V, Count of Holland (b. 1052)

• 1463 – Princess Catherine of Portugal, writer (b. 1436)

• 1565 – Ashikaga Yoshiteru, Japanese shogun (b. 1536)

• 1694 – Philip Cardinal Howard, English Catholic Cardinal (b. 1629)

• 1696 – John III Sobieski, King of Poland (b. 1629)

• 1719 – Joseph Addison, English politician and writer (b. 1672)

• 1734 – Claude-Louis-Hector de Villars, Marshal of France (b. 1653)

• 1740 – Sir William Wyndham, English politician (b. 1687)

• 1762 – Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon, French writer (b. 1674)

• 1771 – Daskalogiannis executed at Candia, Crete

• 1775 – Major John Pitcairn, British marine (killed in battle) (b. 1722)

• 1797 – Agha Muhammad Khan, Shah of Persia (b. 1742)

• 1813 – Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor and politician (b. 1726)

• 1821 – Martín Miguel de Güemes Argentine military leader (b. 1785)

• 1858 – Rani Lakshmibai, queen of Jhansi in North India, one of the leading figures of the Indian rebellion of 1857 (b. 1828)

• 1898 – Edward Burne-Jones, English artist (b. 1833)

• 1904 – Nikolai Ivanovich Bobrikov, Russian politician, Governor-General of Finland (assassinated) (b. 1839)

• 1939 – Allen Sothoron, American baseball player (b. 1893)

• 1940 – Arthur Harden, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)

• 1941 – Johan Wagenaar, Dutch composer and organist (b. 1862)

• 1942 – Charles Fitzpatrick, Canadian politician (b. 1853)

• 1952 – Jack Parsons, American rocket-fuel pioneer and renegade occultist (b. 1914)

• 1956 – Paul Rostock, German doctor (b. 1892)

• 1956 – Bob Sweikert, American racing driver (b. 1926)

• 1957 – Dorothy Richardson, English writer (b. 1873)

• 1961 – Jeff Chandler, American actor (b. 1918)

• 1963 – Aleksander Kesküla, Estonian politician and nationalist (b. 1882)

• 1968 – José Nasazzi, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1901)

• 1974 – Pamela Britton, American actress (b. 1923)

• 1979 – Duffy Lewis, baseball player (b. 1888)

• 1981 – Richard O'Connor, British general (b. 1889)

• 1981 – Zerna Sharp, American writer and educator (Dick and Jane) (b. 1889)

• 1982 – Roberto Calvi, Italian banker (b. 1920)

• 1983 – Peter Mennin, American composer and teacher (b. 1923)

• 1985 – John Boulting, English film-maker (b. 1913)

• 1986 – Kate Smith, American singer (God Bless America) (b. 1907)

• 1987 – Dick Howser, American baseball player and manager (b. 1936)

• 1996 – Thomas Kuhn, American philosopher of science (b. 1922)

• 1999 – Basil Hume, Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster, England (b. 1923)

• 2000 – Ismail Mahomed, South African and Namibian Chief Justice (d. 1931)

• 2001 – Donald J. Cram, American chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1919)

• 2001 – Thomas Joseph Winning, Cardinal Archbishop of Glasgow, Scotland (b. 1925)

• 2002 – Willie Davenport, American athlete (b. 1943)

• 2002 – Fritz Walter, German footballer (b. 1920)

• 2004 – Gerry McNeil, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1926)

• 2005 – Karl Mueller, American bassist (Soul Asylum) (b. 1962)

• 2005 – Sam Loeb, comic book writer (b. 1988)

• 2006 – Cláudio Besserman Vianna, aka "Bussunda", Brazilian comedian (b. 1962)

• 2006 – Arthur Franz, American actor (b. 1920)

• 2007 – Gianfranco Ferrè, Italian fashion designer (b. 1944)

• 2007 – Serena Wilson, American belly dancer (b. 1933)

• 2008 – Tsutomu Miyazaki, Japanese serial killer (b. 1962)

• 2008 – Cyd Charisse, American dancer and actress (b. 1922)

• 2009 – Darrell Powers, American World War II veteran of the United States 101st Airborne Division. (b. 1923)

• 2009 – Ralf Dahrendorf, German-born sociologist and politician (b. 1929)

Holidays and observances

• World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought

• El Salvador, Guatemala: Father's Day

• Iceland: National Day, celebrating independence from Denmark in 1944

• Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic: Zemla Intifada Day

• Suffolk County, Massachusetts: Bunker Hill Day

• National holiday of West Germany until 1990, see Workers' Uprising of 1953 in East Germany.

• Saint Albert Chmielowski

• Saint Gondulf

• Saint Hervé patron of the blind

• Saint Hypatius of Bithynia

• Saint Rainier

• Saint Botolph, Abbot (d. c. 680)