Events

• 565 – Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus.

• 1506 – The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrives at the Vatican.

• 1521 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, opens the Diet of Worms.

• 1771 – Spain cedes Port Egmont in the Falkland Islands to England.

• 1824 – Ashantis defeat British forces in the Gold Coast.

• 1863 – The January Uprising breaks out in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. The aim of the national movement is to regain Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth from occupation by Russia.

• 1877 – Arthur Tooth, an Anglican clergyman is taken into custody after being prosecuted for using ritualist practices.

• 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Isandlwana – Zulu troops defeat British troops.

• 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Rorke's Drift – 139 British soldiers successfully defend their garrison against an intense assault by four to five thousand Zulu warriors.

• 1889 – Columbia Phonograph is formed in Washington, D.C.

• 1890 – The United Mine Workers of America is founded in Columbus, Ohio.

• 1899 – Leaders of six Australian colonies meet in Melbourne to discuss confederation.

• 1901 – Edward VII is proclaimed King after the death of his mother, Queen Victoria.

• 1905 – Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg, beginning of the 1905 revolution.

• 1906 – SS Valencia runs aground on rocks on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, killing more than 130.

• 1917 – World War I: President Woodrow Wilson calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.

• 1919 – Act Zluky is signed, unifying the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukrainian National Republic.

• 1924 – Ramsay MacDonald becomes the first Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

• 1927 – First live radio commentary of a football match anywhere in the world, between Arsenal F.C. and Sheffield United at Highbury.

• 1931 – Sir Isaac Isaacs is sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia.

• 1941 – World War II: British and Commonwealth troops capture Tobruk from Italian forces during Operation Compass.

• 1944 – World War II: The Allies commence Operation Shingle which is an assault on Anzio, Italy.

• 1946 – Iran: Qazi Muhammad declares the independent people's Republic of Mahabad at Chuwarchira Square in the Kurdish city of Mahabad. He is the new president; Hadschi Baba Scheich is the prime minister.

• 1946 – Creation of the Central Intelligence Group, forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency.

• 1947 – KTLA, the first commercial television station west of the Mississippi River, begins operation in Hollywood, California.

• 1952 – The first Jet airliner, the de Havilland Comet, enters service for BOAC.

• 1957 – Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula.

• 1957 – The New York City "Mad Bomber", George P. Metesky, is arrested in Waterbury, Connecticut and is charged with planting more than 30 bombs.

• 1959 – Knox Mine Disaster: Water breaches the River Slope Mine near Pittston City, Pennsylvania in Port Griffith; 12 miners are killed.

• 1962 – The Organization of American States suspends Cuba's membership.

• 1963 – The Elysée treaty of cooperation between France and Germany is signed by Charles de Gaulle and Konrad Adenauer.

• 1968 – Apollo 5 lifts off carrying the first Lunar module into space.

• 1973 – The Supreme Court of the United States delivers its decision in Roe v. Wade, legalizing elective abortion in all fifty states.

• 1973 – A chartered Boeing 707 explodes in flames upon landing at Kano Airport, Nigeria killing 176.

• 1984 – The Apple Macintosh, the first consumer computer to popularize the computer mouse and the graphical user interface, is introduced during Super Bowl XVIII with its famous "1984" television commercial.

• 1987 – Pennsylvania politician R. Budd Dwyer shoots and kills himself at a press conference on live national television, leading to debates on boundaries in journalism.

• 1990 – Robert Tappan Morris, Jr. is convicted of releasing the 1988 Internet Computer worm.

• 1991 – Gulf War: Three SCUDs and one Patriot missile hit Ramat Gan in Israel, injuring 96 people. Three elderly people die of heart attacks.

• 1992 – Rebel forces occupy Zaire's national radio station in Kinshasa and broadcast a demand for the government's resignation.

• 1992 – Space Shuttle program: STS-42 Mission – Dr. Roberta Bondar becomes the first Canadian woman in space.

• 1995 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: Beit Lid massacre – In central Israel, near Netanya, two suicide bombers from the Gaza Strip blow themselves up at a military transit point killing 19 Israelis.

• 1999 – Australian missionary Graham Staines and his two sons are burned alive by radical Hindus while sleeping in their car in Eastern India.

• 2002 – Kmart Corp becomes the largest retailer in United States history to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection.

• 2006 – Evo Morales is inaugurated as President of Bolivia, becoming the country's first indigenous president.

Births

• 1263 – Ibn Taymiya, Islamic scholar (d. 1328)

• 1440 – Ivan III of Russia (d. 1505)

• 1553 – Mori Terumoto, Japanese warrior (d. 1625)

• 1561 – Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher (d. 1626)

• 1570 – Sir Robert Bruce Cotton, English politician (d. 1631)

• 1592 – Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist (d. 1655)

• 1654 – Richard Blackmore, English physician and writer (d. 1729)

• 1690 – Nicolas Lancret, French painter (d. 1743)

• 1729 – Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German author and philosopher (d. 1781)

• 1733 – Philip Carteret, British Naval Officer (d. 1796)

• 1740 – Noah Phelps, American Spy (d. 1809)

• 1781 – François Antoine Habeneck, French violinist (d. 1849)

• 1788 – George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron (Lord Byron), English poet (d. 1824)

• 1796 – Karl Claus, Russian chemist (d. 1864)

• 1797 – Maria Leopoldina of Austria, Empress of Brazil (d. 1826)

• 1799 – Ludger Duvernay, Canadian printer and publisher (d. 1852)

• 1820 – Joseph Wolf, German artist (d. 1899)

• 1831 – Jack Slade, American frontier figure (d. 1864)

• 1840 – Ernest Roland Wilberforce, English bishop (d. 1907)

• 1849 – August Strindberg, Swedish writer (d. 1912)

• 1858 – Beatrice Webb, English economist (d. 1943)

• 1869 – Grigori Rasputin, Russian monk (d. 1916)

• 1874 – Edward Harkness, American philanthropist (d. 1940)

• 1874 – Jay Hughes, American baseball player (d. 1924)

• 1875 – D. W. Griffith, American film director (d. 1948)

• 1876 – Warren McLaughlin, American baseball player (d. 1923)

• 1877 – Tom Jones, American baseball player (d. 1923)

• 1879 – Francis Picabia, French-born painter and poet (d. 1953)

• 1880 – Bill O'Neill, American baseball player (d. 1920)

• 1881 – Ira Thomas, American baseball player (d. 1958)

• 1882 – Theodore Kosloff, Russian-born actor, ballet dancer and choreographer (d. 1956)

• 1886 – Roman Ungern von Sternberg, Russian counter-revolutionary (d. 1921)

• 1887 – Helen Hoyt, American poet (d. 1972)

• 1889 – Henri Pélissier, French cyclist (d. 1935)

• 1889 – Amos Strunk, American baseball player (d. 1979)

• 1890 – Fred M. Vinson, 13th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1953)

• 1890 – Vinko Zganec, Croatian ethnomusicologist (d. 1976)

• 1891 – Antonio Gramsci, Italian philosopher, writer, politician and political theorist (d. 1937)

• 1892 – Marcel Dassault, French industrialist (d. 1986)

• 1893 – Conrad Veidt, German actor (d. 1943)

• 1897 – Rosa Ponselle, American soprano (d. 1981)

• 1900 – Ernst Busch, German singer and actor (d. 1980)

• 1902 – Daniel Kinsey, American hurdler (d. 1970)

• 1903 – Fritz Houtermans, Polish physicist (d. 1966)

• 1903 – Robin Milford, British composer (d. 1959)

• 1904 – George Balanchine, Russian choreographer (d. 1983)

• 1904 – Arkady Gaidar, Russian children's writer (d. 1941)

• 1904 – John Milligan, American baseball player (d. 1972)

• 1906 – Joe Gladwin, English actor (d. 1987)

• 1906 – Robert E. Howard, American author (d. 1936)

• 1907 – Douglas Corrigan, American pilot (d. 1995)

• 1907 – Dixie Dean, English footballer (d. 1980)

• 1907 – Mary Dresselhuys, Dutch actress (d. 2004)

• 1908 – Lev Landau, Soviet physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1968)

• 1908 – Prince Oana, American baseball player (d. 1976)

• 1909 – Porfirio Rubirosa, Dominican diplomat and international playboy (d. 1965)

• 1909 – Ann Sothern, American actress (d. 2001)

• 1909 – U Thant, Burmese 3rd United Nations Secretary General (d. 1974)

• 1911 – Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1990)

• 1913 – William Cardinal Conway, Northern Irish clergyman (d. 1977)

• 1913 – Carl F. H. Henry, American theologian and publisher (d. 2003)

• 1914 – Dimitris Dragatakis, Greek composer (d. 2001)

• 1915 – Heinrich Albertz, German theologian and politician (d. 1993)

• 1916 – Bill Durnan, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1972)

• 1916 – Henri Dutilleux, French composer

• 1916 – Harilal Upadhyay, Gujarati Author, Poet, Astrologist (Gujarat is a State of India) (d. 1994)

• 1917 – Huck Geary, American baseball player (d. 1981)

• 1918 – Elmer Lach, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1919 – Diomedes Olivo, Dominican Republic baseball player (d. 1977)

• 1920 – Sir Alf Ramsey, English football manager (d. 1999)

• 1922 – Howard Moss, American poet, dramatist, and critic (d. 1987)

• 1924 – J. J. Johnson, American jazz trombonist and composer (d. 2001)

• 1925 – Johnny Bucha, American baseball player (d. 1996)

• 1925 – Bobby Young, American baseball player (d. 1985)

• 1927 – Lou Creekmur, American football player

• 1928 – Yoshihiko Amino, Japanese historian (d. 2004)

• 1931 – Sam Cooke, American singer (d. 1964)

• 1932 – Berthold Grünfeld, Norwegian psychiatrist and former sexologist

• 1932 – Piper Laurie, American actress

• 1934 – Bill Bixby, American actor (d. 1993)

• 1934 – Graham Kerr, British-born chef

• 1935 – Seymour Cassel, American actor

• 1936 – Alan J. Heeger, American chemist, Nobel laureate

• 1936 – Ong Teng Cheong, 5th President of Singapore (d. 2002)

• 1937 – Edén Pastora, Nicaraguan rebel leader

• 1937 – Joseph Wambaugh, American author

• 1938 – Altair, Brazilian footballer

• 1939 – Jeff Smith, American chef (d. 2004)

• 1939 – J.C. Tremblay, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1994)

• 1939 – Alfredo Palacio, former President of Ecuador

• 1940 – Addie "Micki" Harris, singer (Shirelles) (d. 1982)

• 1940 – John Hurt, English actor

• 1940 – George Seifert, American football coach

• 1942 – Mimis Domazos, Greek footballer

• 1943 – Marília Pêra, Brazilian actress

• 1945 – Arthur Beetson, Australian rugby league footballer and coach

• 1946 – Malcolm McLaren, English impresario, musician and self-publicist

• 1946 – Serge Savard, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1948 – Gilbert Levine, American conductor

• 1948 – Northern Calloway, American actor (d. 1990)

• 1949 – Mike Caldwell, American baseball player

• 1949 – Phil Miller, English guitarist (National Health, In Cahoots, Matching Mole)

• 1949 – Steve Perry, American singer and musician (Journey)

• 1951 – Ondrej Nepela, Slovak figure skater (d. 1989)

• 1951 – Leon Roberts, American baseball player

• 1951 – Steve J. Spears, Australian playwright, actor, writer and singer (d. 2007)

• 1952 – Ramón Avilés, Puerto Rican baseball player

• 1952 – Teddy Gentry, American musician (Alabama)

• 1952 – Ace Vergel, Filipino actor (d. 2007)

• 1953 – Jim Jarmusch, American director

• 1953 – Myung-Whun Chung,South Korean Conductor and pianist

• 1954 – Tully Blanchard, American professional wrestler

• 1954 – Chris Lemmon, American actor

• 1954 – Peter Pilz, Austrian politician

• 1955 – Timothy R. Ferguson, American politician

• 1955 – Thomas David Jones, NASA astronaut

• 1956 – Steve Riley, American drummer

• 1956 – John Wesley Shipp, American actor

• 1957 – Mike Bossy, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1957 – Brian Dayett, American baseball player

• 1957 – Godfrey Thoma, Nauruan politician

• 1957 – Rene Requiestas, Filipino comedian (d. 1993)

• 1957 – Francis Wheen, English writer and journalist

• 1958 – Nikos Anastopoulos, Greek football player and manager

• 1959 – Linda Blair, American actress

• 1960 – Michael Hutchence, Australian singer (INXS) (d. 1997)

• 1961 – Daniel Johnston, American singer-songwriter and artist

• 1962 – Choi Min-sik, South Korean actor

• 1962 – Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia

• 1963 – Javier Ortiz, American baseball player

• 1963 – Andrei Tchmil, Ukrainian-Belgian cyclist

• 1963 – Jeff Treadway, American baseball player

• 1964 – Wayne Kirby, American baseball player

• 1964 – Nigel Benn, English boxer

• 1965 – Steven Adler, American drummer (Guns N' Roses)

• 1965 – DJ Jazzy Jeff, American rapper and actor

• 1965 – Diane Lane, American actress

• 1965 – Brian McCardie, Scottish actor

• 1965 – Andrew Roachford, English singer and songwriter

• 1965 – Chintara Sukapatana, Thai actress

• 1967 – Ecaterina Szabo, Romanian gymnast

• 1967 – Eleanor McEvoy, Irish singer and songwriter

• 1967 – Manabu Nakanishi, Japanese professional wrestler

• 1968 – Heath, Japanese bass guitarist (X Japan)

• 1968 – Frank Lebœuf, French footballer

• 1968 – Mauricio Serna, Colombian footballer

• 1969 – Olivia d'Abo, English actress

• 1969 – Keith Gordon, American baseball player

• 1969 – John Linton Roberson, American cartoonist

• 1970 – Abraham Olano, Spanish cyclist

• 1970 – Alex Ross, American comic book artist

• 1971 – Stan Collymore, English footballer

• 1972 – Gabriel Macht, American actor

• 1972 – Romi Park, Japanese seiyu (voice actress)

• 1972 – Gonzalo Rodríguez, Uruguayan racing driver (d. 1999)

• 1972 – Namrata Shirodkar, Indian actress

• 1972 – Katie Barberi, Mexican actress

• 1973 – Rogerio Ceni, Brazilian footballer

• 1974 – Cameron McConville, Australian racing driver

• 1975 – Balthazar Getty, American actor

• 1975 – Felipe Giaffone, Brazilian racing driver

• 1975 – David Výborný, Czech ice hockey player

• 1976 – Jimmy Anderson, American baseball player

• 1976 – James Dearth, American football player

• 1976 – Mikko Luoma, Finnish ice hockey player

• 1977 – Jono Gibbes, New Zealand rugby union footballer

• 1977 – Hidetoshi Nakata, Japanese footballer

• 1977 – Aaron Rakers, American baseball player

• 1978 – Chone Figgins, American baseball player

• 1979 – Carlos Ruiz, Panamanian baseball player

• 1980 – Jake Grove, American football player

• 1980 – Christopher Masterson, American actor

• 1980 – Ben Moody, American guitarist (Evanescence)

• 1980 – Jonathan Woodgate, English footballer

• 1980 – Subhash Ram Prajapati, Nepalese writer

• 1981 – Willa Ford, American singer

• 1981 – Beverley Mitchell, American actress

• 1981 – Ibrahima Sonko, French footballer

• 1982 – Fabricio Coloccini, Argentine footballer

• 1982 – Jason Peters, American football player

• 1983 – Shaun Cody, American football player

• 1984 – Ben Eager, Canadian ice hockey player

• 1984 – Ubaldo Jimenez, Dominican Republic baseball player

• 1984 – Raica Oliveira, Brazilian model

• 1984 – Leon Powe, American basketball player

• 1984 – Maceo Rigters, Dutch footballer

• 1985 – Mohamed Sissoko, Malian footballer

• 1986 – Lee Pa-ni, South Korean model

• 1986 – Daniel Wayne Smith, American actor, reality television personality (d. 2006)

• 1987 – Astrid Jacobsen, Norwegian cross-country skier

• 1987 – Ray Rice , American football player

• 1987 – Shane Long, Irish footballer

• 1988 – Greg Oden, American basketball player

Deaths

• 1536 – Bernhard Knipperdolling, German religious leader (b. 1495)

• 1599 – Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian composer (b. 1547)

• 1666 – Shah Jahan, Mughal Emperor of India (b. 1592)

• 1750 – Franz Xaver Josef von Unertl, Bavarian politician (b. 1675)

• 1763 – John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, English statesman (b. 1690)

• 1767 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German minterologist and geologist (b. 1719)

• 1779 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (b. 1733)

• 1779 – Claudius Smith, American Revolutionary War loyalist (b. 1736)

• 1840 – Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist (b. 1752)

• 1892 – Joseph Philo Bradley, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1813)

• 1900 – David E. Hughes, American musician (b. 1831)

• 1901 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. 1819)

• 1921 – Captain George Streeter, American riverboat captain and circus owner (b. 1837)

• 1922 – Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1837)

• 1922 – Pope Benedict XV (b. 1854)

• 1922 – Camille Jordan, French mathematician (b. 1838)

• 1930 – Stephen Mather, American entrepreneur and conservationist (b. 1867)

• 1931 – Alma Rubens, American actress (b. 1897)

• 1945 – Else Lasker-Schuler, German-born poet (b. 1869)

• 1949 – William Thomas Walsh, American author (b. 1891)

• 1950 – Corinne Luchaire, French actress (b. 1921)

• 1950 – Alan Hale, Sr., American actor (b. 1892)

• 1951 – Karl Nessler, inventor of the perm (b. 1872)

• 1954 – Princess Margaret of Prussia, queen of Finland (b. 1872)

• 1959 – Mike Hawthorn, English race car driver and one-time F1 world champion (b. 1929)

• 1966 – Herbert Marshall, English actor (b. 1890)

• 1967 – Robert Henriques, English writer (b. 1905)

• 1968 – Duke Kahanamoku, American swimmer (b. 1890)

• 1973 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (b. 1908)

• 1975 – Andrew George Burry, Swiss-born manufacturer and businessman (b. 1873)

• 1978 – Oliver Leese, British World War II general (b. 1894)

• 1978 – Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894)

• 1981 – Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi, Pakistani historian and educationist (b. 1903)

• 1982 – Tommy Tucker, American singer and pianist (b. 1933)

• 1982 – Eduardo Frei Montalva, 28th President of Chile (b. 1911)

• 1985 – Sir Arthur Bryant, British historian (b. 1899)

• 1987 – Budd Dwyer, American politician (b. 1939)

• 1988 – Parker Fennelly, American comedian and actor (b. 1891)

• 1991 – Robert Choquette, French Canadian novelist, poet and diplomat (b. 1905)

• 1991 – Kenas Aroi, Nauruan politician (b. 1942)

• 1993 – Abe Kobo, Japanese writer (b. 1924)

• 1994 – Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (b. 1910)

• 1994 – Rhett Forrester, American singer (Riot) (b. 1956)

• 1994 – Telly Savalas, American actor (b. 1924)

• 1995 – Jerry Blackwell, American professional wrestler (b. 1949)

• 1995 – Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, matriarch of the Kennedy family (b. 1890)

• 1997 – Ron Holden, American singer (b. 1939)

• 1997 – Billy Mackenzie, Scottish musician (Associates) (b. 1957)

• 1997 – Wally Whyton, English musician (b. 1929)

• 1999 – Graham Staines, Australian missionary (b. 1941)

• 2000 – Craig Claiborne, American writer and editor (b. 1920)

• 2000 – Anne Hébert, French Canadian author and poet (Kamouraska) (b. 1916)

• 2001 – Tommie Agee, American baseball player (b. 1942)

• 2001 – Roy Brown, American clown (b. 1932)

• 2002 – Stanley Marcus, American business executive (b. 1905)

• 2003 – Bill Mauldin, American World War II cartoonist (b. 1921)

• 2004 – Billy May, American composer and musician (b. 1916)

• 2004 – Thomas Mead, Australian politician and journalist (b. 1918)

• 2004 – Ann Miller, American actress and dancer (b. 1923)

• 2005 – César Gutiérrez, Venezuelan baseball player (b. 1943)

• 2005 – Carlo Orelli, Italian veteran of World War I (b. 1894)

• 2005 – Consuelo Velázquez, Mexican songwriter (b. 1924)

• 2005 – Rose Mary Woods, American Watergate scandal figure (b. 1917)

• 2007 – Doug Blasdell, American personal trainer (b. 1962)

• 2007 – Ngô Quang Trưởng, South Vietnamese general (b. 1929)

• 2007 – Abbé Pierre, French priest (b. 1912)

• 2008 – Roberto Gari, American actor (b. 1920)

• 2008 – Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b. 1979)

• 2008 – Miles Lerman, Polish-American activist (b. 1920)

• 2009 – Billy Werber, American baseball player (b. 1908)

Holidays and observances

• Christianity – Feast day of St. Vincent, Anastasius of Persia.

• January 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)