In
human mitochondrial genetics,
Haplogroup R is a
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) macro-haplogroup.
Haplogroup R is a descendant of macro-
haplogroup N. Among its descendant haplogroups are
B,
U (and thus
K),
F,
R0 (and thus
HV,
H, and
V), and the ancestral haplogroup of
J and
T.
Origin
As of June 2009, the most recent study dates the origin of haplogroup R to 66.6kya with a 95% confidence interval of 52.6-81kya.
Haplogroup R has wide diversity and antiquity among varied ethnic status and different linguistic families in
South Asia. In indian western region among the castes and southern region among the tribes show higher haplogroup diversity than the other regions, possibly suggesting their autochthonous status.
Distribution
R and its descendants are spread all over
Eurasia,
Oceania and the
Americas. These descendants are specially prevailing in
Western Eurasia. About 89% of
Europeans are of mtDNA macro-haplogroup R.
Subclades
Tree
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup R subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser
Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation and subsequent published research.
