Gregory IV (died 915) was the firstborn son of Duke
Sergius II of Naples and successor of his paternal uncle,
Bishop Athanasius, in 898, when he was elected
dux, or
magister militum, unanimously by the aristocracy. His other paternal uncle, Stephen, succeeded Athanasius as
bishop. According to the
Chronicon ducum et principum Beneventi, Salerni, et Capuae et ducum Neapolis, he reigned for sixteen years and eight months.
The
Mezzogiorno in his time was under constant
Saracen assaults. Around 900, Gregoy destroyed the
castrum Lucullanum, a Neapolitan fortress just outside the city, to prevent the Moslems from taking it as a base. Otherwise, he reinforced the city walls and stored supplies to ensure survival in the event of a long siege. According the much later chronicler
Leo of Ostia, he signed a pact with the
prince of Benevento and Capua,
Atenulf, and the
Amalfitans and attacked and defeated the Saracens. On
2 July 911, he signed another
pactum with Atenulf's sons, the coprinces
Atenulf II and
Landulf I, whereby they shared the disputed territory of
Liburia.
In that same year, he participated in allied attacks on the Saracen fortress on the
Garigliano. In 915, he joined the massive army of south Italian princes and the
Byzantine strategos Nicolaus Picingli and received the imperial title of
patricius. The army met with the forces of the central peninsula under
Alberic I of Spoleto and
Pope John X. Together they led another assault on the encampment of the Garigliano. In
the ensuing battle, it was on the misplaced (or mendacious) advice of Gregory that they charged the Saracen line. Nevertheless, it was a success and the enemy fled into the forest to be hunted down and slaughtered. Gregory did not long live to enjoy the fruits of victory, he died within months, late in the year 915, and was succeeded by his firstborn son,
John II, who had been present at the battle.
Sources
- Caravale, Mario (ed). Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: LIX Graziando – Grossi Gondi. Rome, 2002.
Category:9th-century birthsCategory:915 deathsCategory:Italian nobilityCategory:Dukes of NaplesCategory:Roman patriciansCategory:10th-century Italian peopleru:Григорий IV (герцог Неаполя)uk:Григорій IV (неаполітанський дука)
