The fourth Chinese domination was a period of the history of Vietnam, from 1407 to 1427, upon which, the country was ruled by the Ming Dynasty administration.

Administration and government

Upon completing total control of Hồ Dynasty , the Chinese Ming Dynasty established a government inside the country. First, the Ming government had stated that it was "Hưng Trần and Diệt Hồ" regime (meaning to re-establish the Trần and to remove the Hồ) but soon Việtnam's people realized it was a cover-up and farce. Under the Ming Dynasty view at that time, Vietnam was considered to be a separate country from China, called Nanyue.

Sinicizing the country

Culturally, the Chinese imported many Chinese books and literature (such as the I Ching). Meanwhile, all classical Vietnamese books and materials relating to Vietnam were suppressed. Various ancient sites such as pagoda Bao Minh were looted and destroyed. The Ming Dynasty wanted to spread more of its Chinese culture in the area. Customarily, all Việt people were made to wear Chinese-style clothing.

Taxation and economy

The Chinese had greatly encouraged the development and the use of gold and silver mines. But right after the silver and gold were extracted they impounded them and sent a fraction of these minerals to Beijing. They also imposed salt taxes, but a slightly heavier tax against those who produced salt in Annam.

Military services, and control

To keep the people under control in Vietnam, the Ming government issued, and utilized the "So Ho" system, (literally meaning Family Book) at the lowest village community level. Whenever there was a change in a family, a change in the book was recorded and approved. Based on this information, they created a systematic military service enrollment process for all young men deemed fit enough to serve in the future for the Chinese Imperial Army. This process was no different than what other governments did to subjugated areas, nonetheless, this had created a negative feeling against the Chinese government.
In addition, many talented Vietnamese individuals with varying trades and backgrounds who could make significant contributions were allowed to become government officials in China where they served in the chinese imperial government.

The revolt of the later Trần (1407-1413)

With Ming dynasty growing weak with internal rebellions and mismanagement during late Ming dynasty, control of Annam also grew weakened, there was several revolt among the Việt people against the Chinese authorities, only to be crushed by the Ming Dynasty army. Among the people who led the rebellion were, Trần Ngỗi, a young son of the emperor Trần Nghệ Tông (1370-1372) and Trần Quý Khoáng, a nephew. These revolts were short-lived and poorly planned but they helped lay some of the groundwork for Lê Lợi's war for independence.