The demography of England has conventionally been acquired through the census in the United Kingdom since 1801, and is marked by centuries of population growth and urbanisation. Due to the lack of authoritative contemporary sources, estimates of the population of England for dates prior to the first census in 1801 vary considerably.

Population

The population at the time of the 2001 census was 49,138,831

• Male: 23,922,144

• Female: 25,216,687

• Total: 49,138,831

• Total Fertility Rate: 1.97(higher than Germany - 1.38 & Italy - 1.40, lower than France - 2.02)

Some of the figures in this table are taken from that in the external link (marked #)

• 1066 - 1,100,000 at the time of the Norman invasionJosiah C Russel, Medieval Demographics, 1984.

• 1215 - 2,500,000 at the time of Magna Carta

• 1348 - 3,750,000 at the time of the Black Death

• 1350 - 2,500,000 just after the Black Death

• 1570 - 4,800,000

• 1603 - 5,800,000 at the end of the Tudor period. # has 1630 for this figure

• 1700 - 6,500,000

• 1801 - 8,308,000 at the time of the first (one off) census (probably underestimated) Census officials estimated at the time that there had been an increase of 77% in the preceding 100 years. In each county women were in the majority.

• 1811 - 9,496,000

• 1821 - 11,158,000

• 1831 - 12,993,000

• 1841 - 14,866,000 (beginning of regular censuses)

• 1851 - 16,769,400

• 1861 - 18,776,300

• 1871 - 21,298,000

• 1881 - 24,402,700

• 1891 - 27,230,200

• 1901 - 30,515,000

• 1911 - 33,651,600

• 1921 - 35,230,200

• 1931 - 37,359,000

• 1951 - 41,042,200

• 1961 - 43,983,300

• 1971 - 45,870,100

• 1981 - 46,623,500

• 1991 - 48,067,300

• 2001 - 49,138,831

• 2002 - 49,652,000

• 2003 - 49,866,000

• 2004 - 50,111,000

• 2005 - 50,466,000

• 2006 - 50,762,900

• 2007 - 51,092,000

• 2008 - 51,456,400

• 2009 - 51,710,302(december)

Place of birth

• England 87.4%

• UK: 90.7%

• EU elsewhere: 2.3%

• Outside EU: 7.0%

Age

The data below is based on the 2001 census, so the asge of any given respondent will naturally have risen by 9.. The mean age of England's population was 38.60 years old in 2001, the median age was 37.00 years old.

Life expectancy at birth

• January 2001 - December 2003

• * Males: 76.24 years

• * Females: 80.72 years

• January 2002 - December 2004

• * Males: 76.55 years

• * Females: 80.91 years

• January 2003 - December 2005

• * Males: 76.92 years

• * Females: 81.14 years

Ethnicity

The 2001 census and 2007 estimates state the following ethnic groups:

These groups are often combined into broader categories:

Religion

• Christian: 71.75%

• No religion: 14.81%Respondents who gave their religion as "Jedi" were counted in the "No Religion" category. Source:

• Not stated: 7.71%

• Muslim: 2.97%

• Hindu: 1.06%

• Sikh: 0.63%

• Jewish: 0.5%

• Other: 0.29%

• Buddhist: 0.28%

See also

• Lists of U.K. locations with large ethnic populations

• Demographics of the United Kingdom

• United Kingdom Census 2011

• National Statistics Socio-economic Classification

• Census 2001 Ethnic Codes

• Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom

• List of towns and cities in England by population

• List of towns and cities in England by historical population