Beverly Cleary (born Beverly Atlee Bunn on April 12, 1916) is an
American author from
Oregon. Educated at colleges in
California and
Washington, she worked as a librarian before starting to write children's books. Cleary has written over 30 books for young adults and children. Some of her best-known characters are
Henry Huggins,
Ribsy,
Beatrice ("Beezus") Quimby, her sister
Ramona, and
Ralph S. Mouse. She won the
Newbery Medal for her book
Dear Mr. Henshaw in 1984. She has won many medals for best children's books.
Biography
Early Years
Beverly Cleary was born in
McMinnville,
Yamhill County, Oregon. She was raised on a farm in McMinnville, and grew up in Yamhill, with no local access to a library. Beverly’s mother felt that this was a disadvantage for the students at the small farm school, and she made arrangements to have books sent there from the State Library. As a result, Beverly grew to love books.
[The World of Beverly Cleary, Retrieved on April 3, 2009, from http://www.beverlycleary.com/beverlycleary/index.html]When Beverly was six years old, her family left the farm and moved to
Portland, Oregon, where she attended elementary and high school. Her struggles with reading in this new school setting was blamed partly on her dissatisfaction with the books she was required to read and partly on an unpleasant first grade teacher, Mrs. Falb. Also, after six years of living in the country, on a farm, the city life in Portland took a toll on Beverly's health, and in her first-grade year she was frequently ill, which set back her schoolwork and reading skills even further.
In the second grade, Beverly studied under her favorite and most-beloved teacher, Miss Marius, and by the third grade, she had greatly improved her reading ability and found a new enjoyment from books. She read
The Dutch Twins by
Lucy Fitch Perkins, and became a frequent visitor to the library.
The grammar school librarian was largely responsible for developing Beverly's love of reading. She encouraged Beverly to check out books about subjects to which Beverly could relate. The librarian not only encouraged Beverly to read but also to write her own books, and instilled in Beverly the belief that she too could write for children some day.
Professional Life
In 1934, age 19, she moved to
Ontario, California, to attend
Chaffey College, from which she earned an
Associate of Arts diploma. She worked as a substitute librarian at the Ontario City Library. After graduating with a
BA in English in 1938 from the
University of California at Berkeley, she studied at the School of Librarianship at the
University of Washington in
Seattle, Washington, where she earned a degree in
library science in 1939.
As college was expensive, and it was the Depression, Beverly had to work to earn money, through the cooperative education program at the University. One afternoon as Beverly took a break from her chores at work she found herself having a sandwich with a young gentleman named Clarence Cleary, her future husband.
The Library Science degree allowed her to work with young children and develop a relationship with children at all socioeconomic levels. Her first full-time job as a librarian was in
Yakima, Washington, where she met many children who were searching for the same books that she had always hoped to find as a child herself. Beverly sympathized with children who felt that there were no books written about children like themselves. This made Beverly more driven to help provide children with stories to which they could relate.
In response to this experience, she later wrote her first book,
Henry Huggins, which was published in 1951. It was about a boy, his dog and their friends, all of whom lived on "Klickitat Street" in Portland (a real street that was only a few blocks from where Cleary grew up as a child). According to Beverly, the boy and his friends represented all the children she grew up with, and the ones who sat in front of her during library story hours.
As she crafted her first novel, she recalled advice from her mother and incorporated her beliefs that the best writing was simple and filled with humor. She also remembered advice from a college professor who emphasized writing about universal human experience.
Beezus and Ramona, Cleary's first novel to feature the Quimby sisters as the central focus of the story, was published in 1955, although
Beezus and
Ramona made frequent appearances in the
Henry Huggins series as supporting characters.
The opportunity to work with children as a librarian opened new doors for Beverly Cleary. She wanted to write books for children but was unsure if she had the experiences needed to write what she wanted. A publisher wanted her to write a book about a kindergarten student, but Cleary felt that she could not write about this as she had not attended kindergarten, but later changed her mind after the birth of her twins. She learned to add a little wit and charm to her writing for children, with the hope that this would spark an interest in students and encourage them to want to read more books of this type. She is now an international favorite among children’s authors.
[The Book Report Inc. Retrieved on April 3, 2009, from http://www.kidsreads.com/authors/au-cleary-beverly.asp]Personal life
In 1940 she married Clarence T. Cleary and they moved to
Oakland, California. They eloped because Cleary's parents were
Presbyterians and did not approve of the union even after it occurred because Clarence was Roman Catholic. Beverly and Clarence Cleary had twins, Marrienne Elizabeth and Malcolm James. Clarence Cleary died in 2004. Beverly Cleary currently lives in
Carmel, California.
She has also written two autobiographies,
A Girl from Yamhill and
My Own Two Feet.
Her books are available in 15 languages in over 20 countries.
Honors and legacies
Cleary has won many awards, including the
Laura Ingalls Wilder Award in 1975 and the 1984
Newbery Medal for her book
Dear Mr. Henshaw. Cleary received the
Library of Congress Living Legends award in the Writers and Artists category in April 2000 for her significant contributions to the cultural heritage of the United States. In 1980, Cleary was awarded the Regina Medal from the Catholic Library Association. Moreover, she received the National Medal of the Arts in 2003.
The Hollywood branch of the
Multnomah County Library, near where she lived as a child, commissioned a map that is on its lobby wall of Henry Huggins's
Klickitat Street neighborhood. Statues of her beloved characters Henry Huggins; the Huggins's dog, Ribsy; and Ramona Quimby can be found in Grant Park in
Portland, Oregon. In June 2008, the two-campus K–8 school of the same neighborhood, Hollyrood-Fernwood, itself the product of a merger of two schools the previous year, was officially renamed
Beverly Cleary School. As a child, Cleary attended the former Fernwood Grammar School, one of the two buildings that make up the school that now bear her namesake.
In 2004, the University of Washington's Information School completed fundraising for the Beverly Cleary Endowed Chair for Children and Youth Services to honor her work and commitment to
librarianship. In 2008, the school announced that she had been selected as the next recipient of the Universities Alumnus Summa Laude Dignata Award, the highest honor that the University of Washington can bestow on a graduate.
She also has a residential hall at the
University of California, Berkeley, named after her.
Beverly Cleary’s books have earned many awards, been published in 14 different languages, and many of her characters are characters that children can relate to in their own lives. A few examples of awards she has won include a 1984 Newbery Medal for
Dear Mr. Henshaw; a 1978 Newbery Honor Book for
Ramona and Her Father; a 1982 Newbery Honor Book for
Ramona Quimby, Age 8; a 1975 Laura Ingalls Wilder Award from the Association for Library Services to Children of the American Library Association; the Catholic Library Association's 1980 Regina Medal; and the Children's Book Council's 1985 Every Child Award.
[Scholastic, Retrieved on April 3, 2009, from http://www2.scholastic.com/browse/contributor.jsp?id=2079] Cleary’s books are about life on a daily basis, and they have been read on PBS and ABC-TV.
Bibliography
- Fifteen (illus. by Joe and Beth Krush) - (1956)
- The Luckiest Girl - (1958)
- Jean and Johnny (illus. by Joe and Beth Krush) - (1959)
- The Real Hole (illus. by Mary Stevens) - (1960)
- Here's Beaver! - (1961) (Subsequent tie-in based on CBS/ABC TV Series)
- Two Dog Biscuits (illus. by DyAnne DiSalvo-Ryan) - (1961)
- Emily's Runaway Imagination (Illus. by Joe and Beth Krush.)- (1961)
- Henry and the Clubhouse (illus. by Louis Darling) - (1962)
- Ribsy (illus. by Louis Darling) - (1964)
- The Growing-Up Feet (illus. by Dyanne Disalvo-ryan) - (1967)
- Socks (illus. by Beatrice Darwin) - (1973)
- The Ramona Quimby Diary - (1984)
- Lucky Chuck (illus. by J. Winslow Higginbottom) - (1984)
- Janet's Thingamajigs (illus. by Dyanne Disalvo-ryan) - (1987)
- A Girl from Yamhill - (1988)
- Muggie Maggie (illus. by Kay Life) - (1990)
- Strider (illus. by Paul O. Zelinsky) - (1991)
- Petey's Bedtime Story (illus. by David Small) - (1993)
