Events of 1582

• January 15 – Russia cedes Livonia and Southern-Estonia to Poland.

• February 10 – François, Duke of Anjou, arrives in the Netherlands, where he is personally welcomed by William the Silent.

• February 24 – Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar.

• April 16 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Lerma founds the settlement of Salta, Argentina.

• June 21 – The Incident at Honnō-ji occurs in Kyoto, Japan.

• October 4 of Julian calendar (Thursday) – Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain make the next day Friday, October 15 of the Gregorian Calendar, skipping over 10 days. Other countries follow at various later dates.

• October 4 – Saint Teresa of Ávila dies. She is buried the next day, October 15.

• November 28 – In Stratford-upon-Avon, 18 year-old William Shakespeare and 26 year-old Anne Hathaway pay a 40-pound bond for their marriage license (Shakespeare would later become one of the greatest playwrights in history).

• December 9 of Julian calendar (Sunday) – France makes the next day Monday, December 20 of the Gregorian Calendar.

Undated

• Kumbum is founded in Tibet.

• In China, Jesuit Matteo Ricci is allowed to enter during the Ming Dynasty.

• The earliest date of reference to the publishing of private newspapers in Beijing, during the Ming Dynasty of China.

• The sultanate of Morocco begins to press southward in search of a greater share of the trans-Saharan trade.

• The Douai-Rheims Bible is published.

• The conquest of Terceira Island (Azores) by the Spanish during the Eighty Years' War.

• Toyotomi Hideyoshi attacks a fortress at Takamatsu.

• "On Embassies" published by Flavius Ursinus.

Births

• January 28 – John Barclay, Scottish satirist and Latin poet (d. 1621)

• May 1 – Marco da Gagliano, Italian composer (d. 1643)

• May 28 – William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English statesman (d. 1662)

• August 28 – Taichang Emperor, of the Ming dynasty of China (d. 1620)

• October 17 – Johann Gerhard, Lutheran church leader (d. 1637)

• October 19 – Dmitri Ivanovich, Russian Tsarevich (d. 1591)

• November 27 – Pierre Dupuy, French scholar (d. 1651)

• December 23 – Severo Bonini, Italian composer (d. 1663)

• date unknown

• *Giovanni Francesco Abela, Maltese writer (d. 1655)

• *Giulio Alenio, Italian Jesuit missionary (d. 1649)

• *Gregorio Allegri, Italian composer (d. 1652)

• *John Bainbridge, English astronomer (d. 1648)

• *Richard Corbet, English poet (d. 1635)

• *William Feilding, 1st Earl of Denbigh (d. 1643)

• *Phineas Fletcher, English poet (d. 1650)

• *Kobayakawa Hideaki, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1602)

• *William Juxon, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1663)

• *William Lithgow, Scottish traveller (d. 1645)

• *François Maynard, French poet (d. 1646)

• *Thomas Moulson, Lord Mayor of London (d. 1638)

• *David Teniers the Elder, Flemish painter (d. 1649)

• *Francis Windebank, English politician (d. 1646)

• *Jakub Zadzik, Polish nobleman and diplomat (d. 1642)

• probable

• *Giovanni Giacomo Gastoldi, Italian Baroque composer (d. 1609)

• *Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer (d. 1629)

Deaths

• January 26 – Thomas Platter, Swiss humanist scholar (b. 1499)

• March 18 – Juan Jauregui, attempted assassin of William I of Orange (b. 1562)

• April 3 – Takeda Katsuyori, Daimyo of Takeda Clan (b. 1546)

• May 3 or May 4 – Giorgio Mainerio, Italian composer (b.1530/40)

• May 5 – Charlotte of Bourbon, third wife of William I of Orange (b. 1547/1548)

• June 21 – Oda Nobunaga, Daimyo of the Oda Clan (b. 1534)

• June 21 – Anayama Nobukimi, Japanese military commander (b. 1541)

• June 23 – Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese military commander (b. 1537)

• July 2 – Akechi Mitsuhide, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1528)

• September 28 – George Buchanan, Scottish humanist scholar (b. 1506)

• October 4 – Saint Teresa of Avila, Spanish Carmelite nun and poet (b. 1515)

• December 11 – Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba, Spanish general (b. 1507)

• date unknown

• *Wu Cheng'en, Chinese novelist and poet of the Ming Dynasty

• *James Crichton, Scottish scholar (b. 1560)

• *Giocangga, chieftain of the Jurchens

• *Jacques Peletier du Mans, French mathematician (b. 1517)

• *Hans Hendrik van Paesschen, Flemish architect (b. 1510)