Events of 1530

January–June

• June 25 – The Augsburg Confession is presented to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.

July–December

• August 3 – Battle of Gavinana: Florence is captured by Spanish troops under Prince Philibert of Orange. The Piagnon (followers of the memory of Girolamo Savonarola) are overthrown and the Medici are restored, in the person of the Pope's nephew Alessandro de Medici.

• October 8 – A flood engulfs Rome.

• November 5 – St. Felix's Flood destroys the city of Reimerswaal in the Netherlands.

Undated

• Charles V crowned by the Pope in Bologna.

• The Knights of Malta are formed when the Knights Hospitaller are given Malta by Pope Clement VIII.

• The ducal palace of Celle is constructed in Germany.

• Martin Afonso de Souza's expedition patrols the Brazilian coast, banishes the French, and creates the first colonial towns: São Vicente and São Paulo.

• Austrian forces capture Esztergom, Hungary, and raid as far as Buda.

• Humayun starts to rule.

Births

• February 18 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1578)

• May 7 – Louis I de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, French Protestant general (d. 1569)

• June 17 – François de Montmorency (d. 1579)

• July 3 – Claude Fauchet, French historian (d. 1601)

• August 25 – Ivan IV of Russia (d. 1584)

• September 30 – Geronimo Mercuriali, Italian philologist and physician (d. 1606)

• November 1 – Étienne de La Boétie, French judge and writer (d. 1563)

• November 6 – Josias Simler, Swiss scholar (d. 1576)

• date unknown

• *Julius Caesar Aranzi, Italian anatomist (d. 1589)

• *Christopher Báthory, Prince of Transylvania (d. 1581)

• *Jean Bodin, French jurist (d. 1596)

• *Pey de Garros, Provençal poet (d. 1585)

• *Wawrzyniec Grzymała Goślicki, Polish bishop, political thinker and philosopher (d. 1607)

• *Thomas Hoby, English diplomat and translator (d. 1566)

• *Shibata Katsuie, Japanese military commander during the Sengoku Period (d. 1583)

• *Koriki Kiyonaga, daimyo in Azuchi-Momoyama period and Edo period (d. 1608)

• *Jan Kochanowski, Polish writer (d. 1584)

• *Ralph Lane, English explorer (d. 1603)

• *Jean Nicot, French diplomat and scholar (d. 1606)

• *Otomo Sorin, Japanese Christian daimyo (d. 1587)

• *Richard Tarlton, English actor (d. 1588)

• *Mordecai Yoffe, author of Levush Malkhut (d. 1612)

• probable

• *Moses Isserles, rabbi and Talmudist (d. 1572)

• *Claude Le Jeune, French composer (d. 1600)

• *Gabriel, comte de Montgomery, captain of the Scottish Guard of Henry II of France (d. 1574)

• *Grace O'Malley, Irish noblewoman (d. 1603)

• *Shane O'Neill, Irish chieftain and rebel (d. 1567)

• *Turlough Luineach O'Neill, Irish chieftain of Tyrone (d. 1595)

• *Jöran Persson, Swedish politician (d. 1568)

• *Nicholas Sanders, English Catholic propagandist (d. 1581)

Deaths

• April 27 – Jacopo Sannazaro, Italian poet (b. 1458)

• June 5 – Mercurino Gattinara, Italian statesman and jurist (b. 1465)

• August 2 – Kano Masanobu, chief painter of the Ashikaga shogunate (b. 1434)

• August 3 – Francesco Ferruccio, Florentine captain (b. 1489)

• August 10 – Konstanty Ostrogski, Grand Hetman of Lithuania (b. 1460)

• August 29 – Moise of Wallachia

• November 29 – Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, British statesman (b. c. 1473)

• December 1 – Margaret of Austria, Regent of the Netherlands (b. 1480)

• December 22 – Willibald Pirckheimer, humanist (b. 1470)

• December 26 – Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire (b. 1483)

• date unknown

• *Joanna La Beltraneja, Princess of Castile (b. 1462)

• *Quentin Matsys, Flemish painter (b. 1466)

• *Estienne de La Roche, mathematician (b. 1470)