Events

• July 10 – The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground, Over 3,000 people died.

• July 17 – Battle of Navas de Tolosa: The Christian kingdoms of Spain decisively defeat the Almohads.

• December – Frederick II of Hohenstaufen is crowned King of Germany with the support of Pope Innocent III.

• The Children's Crusade, led by 12-year-old Stephen of Cloyes, sets out for the Holy Land from France.

• Crusaders push the Muslims out of northern Spain.

• In Japan, Kamo no Chōmei writes the Hōjōki, one of the great works of classical Japanese prose.

• Bran Castle is erected by the Teutonic Knights.

• 1212–1250 – Banner of Las Navas de Tolosa, detail of center panel, from southern Spain, is made. It is a trophy of Ferdinand III of Castile. It is now kept at Museo de Telas Medievales, Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, Spain.

Predictions

• December 2012 doomsday prediction, 12/12, in calendar date format of mm/yy or yy/mm.

Births

• March 22 – Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan (d. 1234)

• Yolande of Jerusalem (d. 1228)

• Malatesta da Verucchio, Italian condottiero, founder of the Malatesta family (d. 1312)

• Zita, patron saint of maids and domestic servants (d. 1272)

Deaths

• March 26 – King Sancho I of Portugal (b. 1154)

• April 12 – Vsevolod the Big Nest, Grand Prince of Vladimir (b. 1154)

• October 9 – Philip I of Namur, Marquis of Namur (b. 1175)

• November 4 – Felix of Valois, French saint (b. 1127)

• December 12 – Geoffrey, Archbishop of York (b. 1152)

• Dirk van Are, bishop and lord of Utrecht

• William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale

• Margaret of Huntingdon, eldest daughter of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon by his wife (b. 1180)

• Maria of Montferrat, Queen of Jerusalem (b. 1192)

• Peter de Preaux, Norman knight in the service of the Angevin kings of England

• Robert of Auxerre, French chronicler (b. 1156)

• Hōnen, founder of Jodo Shu, a branch of Pure Land Buddhism (b. 1133)

• Robert of Shrewsbury, Bishop of Bangor